Bertrand Russell (1878-1970)
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Bertrand Russell (1878-1970) was a person.
- Context:
- He can be an Atheist.
- See: Reference Resolution, Personal Freedom, Slave State Morality, Social Critic, Freedom of Thought, Idle Person.
References
2017
- (Wikipedia, 2017) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertrand_Russell Retrieved:2017-10-22.
- Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970) was a British philosopher, logician, mathematician, historian, writer, social critic, political activist and Nobel laureate. [1] At various points in his life, Russell considered himself a liberal, a socialist and a pacifist, but he also admitted that he had "never been any of these things, in any profound sense". Russell was born in Monmouthshire into one of the most prominent aristocratic families in the United Kingdom. In the early 20th century, Russell led the British "revolt against idealism”. [2] He is considered one of the founders of analytic philosophy along with his predecessor Gottlob Frege, colleague G. E. Moore and protégé Ludwig Wittgenstein. He is widely held to be one of the 20th century's premier logicians. With A. N. Whitehead he wrote Principia Mathematica, an attempt to create a logical basis for mathematics. His philosophical essay “On Denoting” has been considered a "paradigm of philosophy". His work has had a considerable influence on mathematics, logic, set theory, linguistics, artificial intelligence, cognitive science, computer science (see type theory and type system) and philosophy, especially the philosophy of language, epistemology and metaphysics. Russell was a prominent anti-war activist and he championed anti-imperialism. Occasionally, he advocated preventive nuclear war, before the opportunity provided by the atomic monopoly had passed and "welcomed with enthusiasm" world government. He went to prison for his pacifism during World War I. [3] Later, Russell concluded war against Adolf Hitler was a necessary "lesser of two evils" and criticized Stalinist totalitarianism, attacked the involvement of the United States in the Vietnam War and was an outspoken proponent of nuclear disarmament. In 1950, Russell was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature "in recognition of his varied and significant writings in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought”. [4]
- ↑ Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, "Bertrand Russell", 1 May 2003
- ↑ Russell and G. E. Moore broke themselves free from British Idealism which, for nearly 90 years, had dominated British philosophy. Russell would later recall in "My Mental Development" that "with a sense of escaping from prison, we allowed ourselves to think that grass is green, that the sun and stars would exist if no one was aware of them ..." — Russell B, (1944) "My Mental Development", in Schilpp, Paul Arthur: The Philosophy of Bertrand Russell, New York: Tudor, 1951, pp 3–20.
- ↑ Samoiloff, Louise Cripps. C. L. R. James: Memories and Commentaries, p. 19. Associated University Presses, 1997.
- ↑ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1950 — Bertrand Russell: The Nobel Prize in Literature 1950 was awarded to Bertrand Russell "in recognition of his varied and significant writings in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought". Retrieved on 22 March 2013.
1935
- (Russell, 1935) ⇒ Bertrand Russell. (1935). “In Praise of Idleness: and other essays." ISBN:0415325064
1917
- (Russell, 1917) ⇒ Bertrand Russell. (1917) "Knowledge by Acquaintance and Knowledge by Description.” In: Mysticism and Logic.
1905
- (Russell, 1905) ⇒ Bertrand Russell. (1905). “On Denoting.” In: Mind 14: 479-93.