GLP-1 Receptor

A GLP-1 Receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor that binds glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) hormone and mediates its metabolic effects.

• AKA: Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor, GLP1R, GLP-1R.
• Context:
  • It can typically activate Adenylyl Cyclase through Gs protein coupling.
  • It can typically increase Cyclic AMP levels in target cells.
  • It can typically be expressed on Pancreatic Beta Cells for insulin secretion regulation.
  • It can typically be expressed in Brain Regions including hypothalamus and brainstem.
  • It can typically mediate Glucose-Dependent Insulin Secretion upon GLP-1 binding.
  • ...
  • It can often undergo Receptor Internalization after ligand binding.
  • It can often be expressed in Gastrointestinal Tract for gastric motility regulation.
  • It can often be expressed in Cardiovascular Tissue for cardioprotective effects.
  • It can often interact with Beta-Arrestin for signal termination.
  • ...
  • It can range from being a High-Affinity GLP-1 Receptor State to being a Low-Affinity GLP-1 Receptor State, depending on its conformational state.
  • It can range from being a Sensitized GLP-1 Receptor to being a Desensitized GLP-1 Receptor, depending on its exposure history.
  • ...
  • It can belong to Class B GPCR Family of seven-transmembrane receptors.
  • It can contain Extracellular N-Terminal Domain for ligand recognition.
  • It can activate PKA Signaling Pathway through cAMP elevation.
  • It can be targeted by GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for diabetes treatment.
  • It can regulate Appetite through central nervous system signaling.
  • ...
• Examples:
  • Tissue-Specific GLP-1 Receptors, such as:
    • Pancreatic Beta Cell GLP-1 Receptor, mediating insulin secretion.
    • Hypothalamic GLP-1 Receptor, regulating satiety signals.
    • Cardiac GLP-1 Receptor, providing cardioprotective effects.
  • GLP-1 Receptor States, such as:
    • Active GLP-1 Receptor, bound to GLP-1 ligand or GLP-1 receptor agonist.
    • Inactive GLP-1 Receptor, in basal conformation.
    • Internalized GLP-1 Receptor, undergoing receptor recycling.
  • ...
• Counter-Example(s):
  • GIP Receptor, which binds glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide instead of GLP-1.
  • Glucagon Receptor, which binds glucagon and increases blood glucose.
  • GLP-2 Receptor, which binds GLP-2 and regulates intestinal growth.
  • Insulin Receptor, which is a receptor tyrosine kinase rather than a GPCR.
• See: G Protein-Coupled Receptor, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Hormone, GLP-1 Receptor Agonist, Incretin, Pancreatic Beta Cell, Cyclic AMP, Class B GPCR, Diabetes Mellitus, Signal Transduction.

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