Politically Motivated Criminal (Terrorist) Action

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A Politically Motivated Criminal (Terrorist) Action is an unlawful politically-motivated act (of violence?) (performed by terrorists).



References

2023

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2014b

  • (Wikipedia, 2014) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism Retrieved:2014-10-26.
    • In the international community, terrorism has no legally binding, criminal law definition.[1] [2] Common definitions of terrorism refer only to those violent acts that are intended to create fear (terror); are perpetrated for a religious, political, or ideological goal; and deliberately target or disregard the safety of non-combatants (e.g., neutral military personnel or civilians). Some definitions now include acts of unlawful violence and war. The use of similar tactics by criminal organizations for protection rackets or to enforce a code of silence is usually not labeled terrorism, though these same actions may be labeled terrorism when done by a politically motivated group. Usage of the term has also been criticized for its frequent undue equating with Islamism or jihadism, while ignoring non-Islamic organizations or individuals. [3] [4] The word "terrorism" is politically loaded and emotionally charged,[5] and this greatly compounds the difficulty of providing a precise definition. A study on political terrorism examining over 100 definitions of "terrorism" found 22 separate definitional elements (e.g. Violence, force, fear, threat, victim-target differentiation). ...
  1. Angus Martyn, The Right of Self-Defence under International Law - the Response to the Terrorist Attacks of 11 September, Australian Law and Bills Digest Group, Parliament of Australia Web Site, 12 February 2002.
  2. Thalif Deen. "Politics: U.N. Member States Struggle to Define Terrorism", Inter Press Service, 25 July 2005.
  3. Spring Fever: The Illusion of Islamic Democracy, Andrew C. McCarthy - 2013
  4. African Politics: Beyond the Third Wave of Democratisation, Joelien Pretorius - 2008, page 7
  5. See review in

2014b

2011