Charismatic Leader

Context:
- They can offer Salvation from Distress.
- …
Example(s):
- Jesus Christ, Cleopatra, Catherine the Great, Napoleon Bonaparte, Fidel Castro, Mahatma Gandhi, Adolf Hitler, Eva Perón, Mother Theresa, Steve Jobs.
- …
Counter-Example(s):
- a Transactional Leader.
- an Instrumental Leader.
- a Charismatic Friend.
- a Charmless Leader.
See: Uncharismatic.

References

(Tucker, 2017) ⇒ Robert C. Tucker. (2017). “The Theory of Charismatic Leadership.” In: Leadership Perspectives, pp. 499-524 . Routledge,
- ABSTRACT: In a recent survey of Max Weber's political ideas, Karl Loewenstein observes that the concepts of "charisma" and the “charismatic leader” have had the greatest impact upon the thinking of recent time. Some writers are impressed with its power or potentiality as a tool for analyzing certain leadership situations of the historical past and present; others are skeptical and doubt whether the idea of charismatic leadership has much place in political science. Weber's thinking on charisma was much influenced by the examples with which he was familiar from the settings of traditional religion, where absolute obedience would of course be characteristic of the charismatic as well as other types of authority-relation. The first determinant of charismatic response is situational; the state of acute distress predisposes people to perceive as extraordinarily qualified and to follow with enthusiastic loyalty a leadership offering salvation from distress.

http://hbr.org/2012/06/learning-charisma-2
- QUOTE: … Leaders need technical expertise to win the trust of followers, manage operations, and set strategy; they also benefit from the ability to punish and reward. But the most effective leaders layer charismatic leadership on top of transactional and instrumental leadership to achieve their goals. In our research, we have identified a dozen key CLTs. Some of them you may recognize as long-standing techniques of oratory. Nine of them are verbal: metaphors, similes, and analogies; stories and anecdotes; contrasts; rhetorical questions; three-part lists; expressions of moral conviction; reflections of the group’s sentiments; the setting of high goals; and conveying confidence that they can be achieved. Three tactics are nonverbal: animated voice, facial expressions, and gestures. There are other CLTs that leaders can use — such as creating a sense of urgency, invoking history, using repetition, talking about sacrifice, and using humor — but the 12 described in this article are the ones that have the greatest effect and can work in almost any context. …