Deceptive Communication Act

A Deceptive Communication Act is a communication act that intentionally conveys false information or withholds true information to create false beliefs in deception targets.

• AKA: Deception Attempt, Act of Deception, Attempt-At Deception, Deceptive Act, Attempt-At Bad-Faith.
• Context:
  • It can typically involve Deceptive Statements containing deceptive falsehoods.
  • It can typically require Deceptive Intent from deceptive agents.
  • It can typically exploit Information Asymmetry between deceptive parties.
  • It can typically violate Trust Expectations in deceptive relationships.
  • It can typically employ Deceptive Techniques for deceptive effectiveness.
  • It can typically create Cognitive Dissonance in deceptive targets.
  • It can typically involve Deceptive Timing for deceptive impact.
  • It can typically require Target Vulnerability Assessment for deceptive success.
  • ...
  • It can often utilize Strategic Omissions of deceptive truths.
  • It can often involve Deceptive Manipulation of deceptive contexts.
  • It can often create False Beliefs in deceptive targets.
  • It can often require Deceptive Planning for deceptive execution.
  • It can often trigger Ethical Violations of deceptive norms.
  • It can often exploit Cognitive Biases in deceptive reasoning.
  • It can often employ Emotional Manipulation for deceptive persuasion.
  • It can often involve Multiple Deceptive Layers for deceptive complexity.
  • It can often require Deceptive Maintenance over deceptive duration.
  • ...
  • It can range from being an Unsuccessful Deception Act to being a Successful Deception Act, depending on its deceptive outcome achievement.
  • It can range from being a Simple Deception Act to being a Complex Deception Act, depending on its deceptive scheme sophistication.
  • It can range from being a Verbal Deception Act to being a Non-Verbal Deception Act, depending on its deceptive communication mode.
  • It can range from being a Direct Deception Act to being an Indirect Deception Act, depending on its deceptive approach method.
  • It can range from being a Harmful Deception Act to being a Benign Deception Act, depending on its deceptive harm potential.
  • It can range from being a Short-Term Deception Act to being a Long-Term Deception Act, depending on its deceptive temporal scope.
  • It can range from being a Spontaneous Deception Act to being a Premeditated Deception Act, depending on its deceptive planning level.
  • It can range from being a Single-Target Deception Act to being a Mass Deception Act, depending on its deceptive audience scale.
  • ...
  • It can be detected by Deceptive Behavior Detection Systems solving deceptive behavior detection tasks.
  • It can be analyzed through Deception Analysis Methods examining deceptive indicators.
  • It can be prevented by Truth Verification Systems implementing deceptive prevention measures.
  • It can be studied in Deception Research investigating deceptive psychology.
  • It can be prosecuted under Fraud Law when meeting deceptive legal thresholds.
  • It can be measured by Deception Detection Algorithms using deceptive behavioral cues.
  • ...
• Example(s):
  • Interpersonal Deception Acts, such as:
    • Social Deception Acts, such as:
      • False Alibi Presentation fabricating deceptive location claims.
      • Fake Identity Creation assuming deceptive personal attributes.
      • Social Status Deception inflating deceptive social positions.
      • Strategic Omission withholding deceptive critical information.
    • Romantic Deception Acts, such as:
      • Dating Profile Deception misrepresenting deceptive personal characteristics.
      • Infidelity Deception concealing deceptive romantic relationships.
      • Catfishing creating deceptive romantic personas.
  • Professional Deception Acts, such as:
    • Business Deception Acts, such as:
      • False Advertising promoting deceptive product claims.
      • Corporate Misrepresentation hiding deceptive business information.
      • Ponzi Scheme operating deceptive investment structures.
      • Insider Trading Deception exploiting deceptive market information.
    • Academic Deception Acts, such as:
      • Credential Forgery using deceptive qualification documents.
      • Plagiarism Act claiming deceptive authorship.
      • Research Data Fabrication creating deceptive scientific evidence.
      • Ghost Writing concealing deceptive true authorship.
  • Strategic Deception Acts, such as:
    • Military Deception Acts, such as:
      • Tactical Deception misleading about deceptive military intentions.
      • Intelligence Deception planting deceptive intelligence information.
      • Camouflage Operation creating deceptive visual concealment.
    • Political Deception Acts, such as:
      • Campaign Promise Deception making deceptive political commitments.
      • Propaganda Communication spreading deceptive political narratives.
      • Disinformation Campaign distributing deceptive false information.
  • Digital Deception Acts, such as:
    • Online Identity Deception creating deceptive digital personas.
    • Phishing Attack sending deceptive electronic communications.
    • Deepfake Creation producing deceptive media content.
    • Social Media Bot Deception automating deceptive online interactions.
  • Protective Deception Acts, such as:
    • White Lie protecting deceptive emotional states.
    • Surprise Party Deception concealing deceptive positive intentions.
    • Medical Placebo Deception administering deceptive therapeutic treatment.
  • Self-Deception Acts, such as:
    • Rationalization Act creating deceptive self-justifications.
    • Denial Act rejecting deceptive uncomfortable truths.
    • Wishful Thinking maintaining deceptive optimistic beliefs.
  • Legal Deception Acts, such as:
    • Perjury providing deceptive legal testimony.
    • Contract Fraud misrepresenting deceptive contractual terms.
    • Insurance Fraud filing deceptive insurance claims.
  • ...
• Counter-Example(s):
  • Act of Truth-Telling, which conveys accurate information without deceptive intent.
  • Honest Mistake, which spreads false information without deceptive intention.
  • Sarcasm Act, which uses obvious falsehood without deceptive purpose.
  • Fiction Creation, which presents false narratives with acknowledged unreality.
  • Acting Performance, which portrays false characters with audience awareness.
  • Magic Performance, which creates illusions with entertainment purpose rather than deceptive intent.
  • Metaphorical Statement, which uses figurative language without literal deception.
• See: Lie, Fraudulent Act, Bad Faith, Self-Deception, Deceptive Behavior Detection Task, Trust Violation, Communication Act, Choice from Deception, Dissimulation, Propaganda, Information Warfare, Social Engineering Attack.

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References

2015

• https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/deception#Noun
  1. An instance of actions and/or schemes fabricated to mislead and/or delude someone into errantly believing a lie or inaccuracy.

• (Wikipedia, 2015) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/deception Retrieved:2015-11-30.
  • Deception, beguilement, deceit, bluff, mystification and subterfuge are acts to propagate beliefs of things that are not true, or not the whole truth (as in half-truths or omission). Deception can involve dissimulation, propaganda, and sleight of hand, as well as distraction, camouflage, or concealment. There is also self-deception, as in bad faith.

    Deception is a major relational transgression that often leads to feelings of betrayal and distrust between relational partners. Deception violates relational rules and is considered to be a negative violation of expectations. Most people expect friends, relational partners, and even strangers to be truthful most of the time. If people expected most conversations to be untruthful, talking and communicating with others would require distraction and misdirection to acquire reliable information. A significant amount of deception occurs between romantic and relational partners.

     Deceit and dishonesty can also form grounds for civil litigation in tort, or contract law (where it is known as misrepresentation or fraudulent misrepresentation if deliberate), or give rise to criminal prosecution for fraud.

• (Wikipedia, 2015) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/bad_faith Retrieved:2015-11-26.
  • Bad faith (Latin: mala fides) is double mindedness or double heartedness in duplicity, fraud, or deception. It may involve intentional deceit of others, or self-deception.

    The expression "bad faith" is associated with "double heartedness", which is also translated as "double mindedness". A bad faith belief may be formed through self-deception, being double minded, or "of two minds", which is associated with faith, belief, attitude, and loyalty. In the 1913 Webster’s Dictionary, bad faith was equated with being double hearted, "of two hearts", or "a sustained form of deception which consists in entertaining or pretending to entertain one set of feelings, and acting as if influenced by another". The concept is similar to perfidy, or being "without faith", in which deception is achieved when one side in a conflict promises to act in good faith (e.g. by raising a flag of surrender) with the intention of breaking that promise once the enemy has exposed himself. After Jean-Paul Sartre's analysis of the concepts of self-deception and bad faith, bad faith has been examined in specialized fields as it pertains to self-deception as two semi-independently acting minds within one mind, with one deceiving the other.

    Some examples of bad faith include: a company representative who negotiates with union workers while having no intent of compromising; a prosecutor who argues a legal position that he knows to be false; an insurer who uses language and reasoning which are deliberately misleading in order to deny a claim.

    Bad faith may be viewed in some cases to not involve deception, as in some kinds of hypochondria with actual physical manifestations. There is a question about the truth or falsity of statements made in bad faith self-deception; for example, if a hypochondriac makes a complaint about their psychosomatic condition, is it true or false?

    Bad faith has been used as a term of art in diverse areas involving feminism, racial supremacism, political negotiation, insurance claims processing, intentionality, ethics, existentialism, and the law.

2013

• http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/self-deception/#DefIss
  • QUOTE: What is self-deception? Traditionally, self-deception has been modeled on interpersonal deception, where A intentionally gets B to believe some proposition p, all the while knowing or believing truly ~p. Such deception is intentional and requires the deceiver to know or believe ~p and the deceived to believe p. One reason for thinking self-deception is analogous to interpersonal deception of this sort is that it helps us to distinguish self-deception from mere error, since the acquisition and maintenance of the false belief is intentional not accidental.

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