HMG-CoA Reductase Enzyme

A HMG-CoA Reductase Enzyme is a rate-limiting membrane-bound oxidoreductase enzyme.

• AKA: 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Reductase, HMGR, HMGCR Enzyme.
• Context:
  • It can typically catalyze HMG-CoA Reduction using NADPH cofactors.
  • It can typically control Cholesterol Biosynthesis Rate through HMG-CoA reductase activity.
  • It can typically localize to Endoplasmic Reticulum via HMG-CoA reductase membrane domains.
  • It can typically undergo Post-Translational Modifications affecting HMG-CoA reductase stability.
  • It can typically serve as Statin Drug Target for HMG-CoA reductase inhibition.
  • ...
  • It can often experience Feedback Inhibition by HMG-CoA reductase cholesterol products.
  • It can often undergo Transcriptional Regulation through HMG-CoA reductase SREBP control.
  • It can often display Circadian Rhythms in HMG-CoA reductase expression levels.
  • It can often form Enzyme Complexes with HMG-CoA reductase regulatory proteins.
  • ...
  • It can range from being a Low-Activity HMG-CoA Reductase Enzyme to being a High-Activity HMG-CoA Reductase Enzyme, depending on its HMG-CoA reductase phosphorylation state.
  • It can range from being a Wild-Type HMG-CoA Reductase Enzyme to being a Mutant HMG-CoA Reductase Enzyme, depending on its HMG-CoA reductase genetic variant.
  • ...
  • It can integrate with Cholesterol Biosynthesis Processes as HMG-CoA reductase rate-limiting step.
  • It can connect to Mevalonate Pathways through HMG-CoA reductase product formation.
  • It can interface with Isoprenoid Biosynthesis Processes via HMG-CoA reductase pathway branching.
  • It can interact with Ubiquitination Systems for HMG-CoA reductase degradation.
  • It can respond to Insulin Signaling Pathways through HMG-CoA reductase metabolic regulation.
  • ...
• Example(s):
  • HMG-CoA Reductase Enzyme Variants, such as:
    • Human HMG-CoA Reductase Enzymes, such as:
      • Hepatic HMG-CoA Reductase Enzyme in HMG-CoA reductase liver expression.
      • Peripheral Tissue HMG-CoA Reductase Enzyme in HMG-CoA reductase extrahepatic locations.
    • Statin-Resistant HMG-CoA Reductase Enzymes, such as:
      • Gain-of-Function HMG-CoA Reductase Enzyme with HMG-CoA reductase enhanced activity.
      • Truncated HMG-CoA Reductase Enzyme lacking HMG-CoA reductase regulatory domain.
  • HMG-CoA Reductase Enzyme States, such as:
    • Phosphorylated HMG-CoA Reductase Enzyme with HMG-CoA reductase reduced activity.
    • Dephosphorylated HMG-CoA Reductase Enzyme with HMG-CoA reductase increased activity.
  • ...
• Counter-Example(s):
  • HMG-CoA Synthase Enzymes, which produce rather than consume HMG-CoA molecules.
  • Mevalonate Kinase Enzymes, which act downstream in mevalonate pathways.
  • Acetyl-CoA Acetyltransferase Enzymes, which precede HMG-CoA formation.
• See: Rate-Limiting Enzyme, Oxidoreductase Enzyme, Cholesterol Biosynthesis Process, Mevalonate Pathway, Statin Drug, SREBP Transcription Factor.

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