State Self-Defense Right
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A State Self-Defense Right is an inherent sovereign right that permits states to use force in response to armed attacks under international law as codified in UN Charter Article 51.
- AKA: Right of Self-Defense, National Self-Defense, Legitimate Defense, Article 51 Right, Inherent Defense Right.
- Context:
- It can typically require State Self-Defense Right Armed Attack as state self-defense right triggering condition.
- It can typically demand State Self-Defense Right Necessity through state self-defense right immediate threat.
- It can typically mandate State Self-Defense Right Proportionality via state self-defense right measured response.
- It can typically involve State Self-Defense Right Immediacy through state self-defense right temporal connection.
- It can typically enable State Self-Defense Right Force Use for state self-defense right threat repulsion.
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- It can often justify State Self-Defense Right Military Action through state self-defense right defensive operation.
- It can often trigger State Self-Defense Right Collective Defense via state self-defense right alliance obligation.
- It can often invoke State Self-Defense Right Anticipatory Action against state self-defense right imminent threat.
- It can often require State Self-Defense Right UN Reporting per state self-defense right charter requirement.
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- It can range from being an Individual State Self-Defense Right to being a Collective State Self-Defense Right, depending on its state self-defense right exercise mode.
- It can range from being an Immediate State Self-Defense Right to being an Anticipatory State Self-Defense Right, depending on its state self-defense right temporal nature.
- It can range from being a Limited State Self-Defense Right to being an Extensive State Self-Defense Right, depending on its state self-defense right scope interpretation.
- It can range from being a Conventional State Self-Defense Right to being a Cyber State Self-Defense Right, depending on its state self-defense right domain application.
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- It cannot justify State Self-Defense Right Aggression through state self-defense right offensive war.
- It cannot permit State Self-Defense Right Disproportionate Force via state self-defense right excessive response.
- It cannot allow State Self-Defense Right Territorial Conquest through state self-defense right expansion goal.
- It cannot enable State Self-Defense Right Preemptive War against state self-defense right speculative threat.
- It cannot override State Self-Defense Right Humanitarian Law during state self-defense right military operation.
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- Example(s):
- Classic Self-Defense Cases, such as:
- UK Falklands Self-Defense (1982) responding to argentine invasion.
- Kuwait Coalition Defense (1991) expelling iraqi occupation.
- US Afghanistan Response (2001) following 9/11 attacks.
- Controversial Self-Defense Claims, such as:
- Collective Defense Examples, such as:
- Self-Defense Limitations, such as:
- Caroline Test establishing necessity and proportionality standard.
- Nicaragua ICJ Case (1986) defining armed attack threshold.
- Oil Platforms Case (2003) clarifying self-defense scope.
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- Classic Self-Defense Cases, such as:
- Counter-Example(s):
- Aggression, which initiates unlawful force rather than defensive response.
- Humanitarian Intervention, which protects foreign populations rather than state territory.
- Reprisal, which retaliates past wrongs rather than ongoing attack.
- Preventive War, which targets potential threats rather than actual attack.
- Law Enforcement Action, which maintains internal order rather than external defense.
- See: UN Charter, Article 51, International Law, Use of Force, Armed Attack, Proportionality Principle, Necessity Principle, Collective Security, Aggression, Jus ad Bellum, International Court of Justice.