Past Participle

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A Past Participle is a participle that expresses future action.



References

2009

  • (WordNet, 2009) ⇒ http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=past%20participle
    • S: (n) past participle, perfect participle (a participle that expresses completed action)
  • http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/past_participle
    • Noun
      • 1. (grammar) A participle indicating a completed action or state.
    • Usage notes
      • In English, the past participle of a regular verb ends in -ed, and has the same spelling of the past tense of that verb: sometimes the last consonant is doubled (stop → stopped); sometimes the last vowel is changed (deny → denied). Irregular verbs tend to end in -en (see Appendix:Irregular verbs).
      • When combined with the auxilliary verb to have, a past participle forms the perfect tenses of a verb.
        • to eat (ate): All the meal has been eaten.
        • to ride (ridden): I could have ridden my bicycle if it had not rained.
        • to strike (struck or stricken): In that fight, he has struck my stomach.
      • When combined with the auxilliary verb to be, a past participle forms the passive voice of a verb.
        • to construct (constructed): The new mall is finally constructed.
        • to give (given): I was given a new book.
        • to talk (talked): That problem was talked about yesterday.
        • to throw (thrown): The ball was thrown by John.
        • to write (written): Those letters were written last year.
      • Past participles can also modify a noun.
        • to require (required): Here are the documents required.
      • Past participles may be used to modify a verb or sentence.