Sample Size Determination Task

A Sample Size Determination Task is a statistical planning task that calculates the minimum number of observations needed to achieve desired statistical power for detecting a specified effect size in a statistical hypothesis testing task.

• AKA: Power Analysis Task, Sample Size Calculation, N Determination, Study Size Planning.
• Context:
  • It can typically require specification of effect size, significance level, and desired statistical power.
  • It can typically balance statistical requirements with resource constraints.
  • It can typically increase sample size for smaller effect sizes or higher power requirements.
  • It can often use formulas specific to the statistical test being planned.
  • It can often account for expected attrition rates and missing data.
  • It can often incorporate design effects for complex sampling designs.
  • It can range from being a Fixed Sample Size Determination to being an Adaptive Sample Size Determination, depending on its adjustment capability.
  • It can range from being a Single-Stage Sample Size Determination to being a Sequential Sample Size Determination, depending on its interim analysis plan.
  • It can range from being a Parametric Sample Size Determination to being a Non-Parametric Sample Size Determination, depending on its test assumptions.
  • It can range from being a Exact Sample Size Determination to being an Approximate Sample Size Determination, depending on its calculation method.
  • ...
• Example(s):
  • Clinical Trial Sample Sizes, such as:
    • Sample size for detecting 20% treatment difference.
    • Sample size for non-inferiority margin testing.
  • Survey Sample Sizes, such as:
    • Sample size for 3% margin of error.
    • Sample size for subgroup analysis.
  • Experimental Sample Sizes, such as:
    • Sample size for ANOVA with multiple groups.
    • Sample size for correlation detection.
  • ...
• Counter-Example(s):
  • Post-Hoc Power Analysis, which calculates power after data collection.
  • Effect Size Estimation, which determines magnitude from existing data.
  • Convenience Sampling, which uses available sample size.
• See: Statistical Power Measure, Effect Size Measure, Statistical Hypothesis Testing Task, Type II Statistical Hypothesis Testing Error, Statistical Significance Level, Power Analysis, Study Design.

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