Antisocial Personality Disorder
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An Antisocial Personality Disorder is a personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others, beginning in childhood or early adolescence and continuing into adulthood.
- AKA: ASPD, APD, Sociopathy, Sociopathic Personality Disorder.
- Context:
- It can typically involve antisocial personality disorder behavioral pattern of disregarding social norms, laws, and the rights of others.
- It can typically feature antisocial personality disorder manipulation trait whereby individuals deceive, exploit, and manipulate others for personal gain or pleasure.
- It can typically include antisocial personality disorder impulsivity characteristic manifesting as failure to plan ahead and making decisions without considering consequences.
- It can commonly demonstrate antisocial personality disorder aggression tendency through repeated physical fights, assaults, or using weapons against others.
- It can commonly involve antisocial personality disorder recklessness characteristic showing consistent disregard for personal safety or the safety of others.
- It can commonly feature antisocial personality disorder responsibility failure manifested as consistent irresponsibility in work obligations and financial commitments.
- It can range from being a Mild Antisocial Personality Disorder to being a Severe Antisocial Personality Disorder, depending on the symptom severity and functional impairment.
- It can range from being a Secondary Antisocial Personality Disorder to being a Primary Antisocial Personality Disorder, depending on the etiology mechanism and anxiety presence.
- It can have antisocial personality disorder diagnostic criteria requiring at least three specific symptoms from the DSM-5 and being at least 18 years old with evidence of conduct disorder before age 15.
- It can involve antisocial personality disorder gender distribution showing significantly higher prevalence in males (approximately 3%) compared to females (approximately 1%).
- It can have antisocial personality disorder neurobiological basis including abnormalities in prefrontal cortex function, amygdala volume, and neurotransmitter imbalances.
- It can include antisocial personality disorder comorbidity pattern frequently co-occurring with substance use disorders, other personality disorders, and mood disorders.
- It can range from being a Antisocial Personality Disorder With Psychopathic Features to being a Antisocial Personality Disorder Without Psychopathic Features, depending on emotional detachment level and callous trait presence.
- It can typically have antisocial personality disorder environmental risk factor including childhood maltreatment, parental antisocial behavior, and socioeconomic disadvantage.
- It can have antisocial personality disorder genetic component with heritability estimates between 40-60%, suggesting significant genetic influence.
- It can feature antisocial personality disorder treatment challenge due to patients' low motivation for change, poor treatment adherence, and limited insight.
- ...
- Examples:
- Antisocial Personality Disorder Diagnostic Systems, such as:
- DSM-5 Antisocial Personality Disorder Criteria, requiring pervasive pattern of disregard for others' rights since age 15, being at least 18 years old, and evidence of conduct disorder before age 15.
- ICD-11 Dissocial Personality Disorder Criteria, emphasizing callousness, irresponsibility, and antisocial attitudes with a diagnosis possible before age 18.
- PCL-R Psychopathy Assessment, measuring interpersonal, affective, lifestyle, and antisocial facets often used in forensic settings.
- AMPD Antisocial Personality Disorder Model, focusing on identity, self-direction, empathy, and intimacy impairments alongside antagonism and disinhibition.
- Antisocial Personality Disorder Treatment Approaches, such as:
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Antisocial Personality Disorder Intervention, targeting cognitive distortions, poor problem-solving, and impulsivity.
- Mentalization-Based Treatment Antisocial Personality Disorder Program, focusing on improving ability to understand mental states of self and others.
- Therapeutic Community Antisocial Personality Disorder Approach, providing structured environment with clear rules, responsibilities, and consequences.
- Dialectical Behavior Therapy Antisocial Personality Disorder Adaptation, addressing emotional dysregulation, interpersonal conflict, and impulsive behaviors.
- Pharmacological Antisocial Personality Disorder Management, using medications to target specific symptoms like impulsivity, aggression, or comorbid conditions.
- Antisocial Personality Disorder Subtypes, such as:
- Primary Psychopathic Antisocial Personality Disorder, characterized by low anxiety, emotional detachment, and genetic predisposition.
- Secondary Psychopathic Antisocial Personality Disorder, characterized by high anxiety, emotional reactivity, and environmental causation.
- Aggressive Antisocial Personality Disorder, featuring prominent violence, hostility, and confrontational behaviors.
- Deceitful Antisocial Personality Disorder, emphasizing manipulation, pathological lying, and conning without overt aggression.
- Impulsive Antisocial Personality Disorder, characterized by failure to plan, sensation seeking, and inability to delay gratification.
- Antisocial Personality Disorder Neurobiological Findings, such as:
- Prefrontal Cortex Dysfunction Antisocial Personality Disorder Pattern, showing reduced activity in areas responsible for executive function and impulse control.
- Amygdala Volume Reduction Antisocial Personality Disorder Finding, associated with impaired fear processing and reduced empathic response.
- Autonomic Nervous System Hypoarousal Antisocial Personality Disorder Feature, contributing to sensation-seeking and reduced fear response.
- Serotonergic System Abnormality Antisocial Personality Disorder Marker, linked to impulsivity and aggression.
- ...
- Antisocial Personality Disorder Diagnostic Systems, such as:
- Counter-Examples:
- Narcissistic Personality Disorder, which shares manipulative traits but is primarily motivated by need for admiration rather than disregard for rules.
- Borderline Personality Disorder, which includes impulsivity but is characterized by fear of abandonment and emotional instability rather than callousness.
- Conduct Disorder, which involves similar behaviors but is diagnosed in individuals under 18 and may not persist into adulthood.
- Criminal Behavior Without Personality Disorder, which may involve illegal acts but doesn't necessarily include the pervasive pattern of disregard for others' rights.
- Substance-Induced Antisocial Behavior, which resembles antisocial traits but is directly attributable to substance effects rather than an enduring personality pattern.
- Antisocial Behavior Due To Intellectual Disability, which may include rule violations due to comprehension difficulties rather than callous disregard.
- See: Psychopathy, Low-Empathy Person, Sociopathy, Psychiatry, Deviance (Sociology), Deception, Impulsivity, Irritability, Aggression, Recklessness (Law), Callous And Unemotional Traits, Family History (Medicine), Poverty, Conduct Disorder.
- See: Psychopathy, Low-Empathy Person, Sociopathy, Psychiatry, Deviance (Sociology), Deception, Impulsivity, Irritability, Aggression, Recklessness (Law), Callous And Unemotional Traits, Family History (Medicine), Poverty, Conduct Disorder.
References
2020
- (Wikipedia, 2020) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antisocial_personality_disorder Retrieved:2020-4-21.
- Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD or APD) is a personality disorder characterized by a long-term pattern of disregard for, or violation of, the rights of others. A low moral sense or conscience is often apparent, as well as a history of crime, legal problems, or impulsive and aggressive behavior.
Antisocial personality disorder is defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). Dissocial personality disorder (DPD), a similar or equivalent concept, is defined in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD), which includes antisocial personality disorder in the diagnosis. Both manuals provide similar criteria for diagnosing the disorder. Both have also stated that their diagnoses have been referred to, or include what is referred to, as psychopathy or sociopathy, but distinctions have been made between the conceptualizations of antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy, with many researchers arguing that psychopathy is a disorder that overlaps with, but is distinguishable from, ASPD.
- Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD or APD) is a personality disorder characterized by a long-term pattern of disregard for, or violation of, the rights of others. A low moral sense or conscience is often apparent, as well as a history of crime, legal problems, or impulsive and aggressive behavior.
1. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.).
2. World Health Organization. (2019). International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (11th ed.).
3. Hare, R. D. (2003). Manual for the Revised Psychopathy Checklist (2nd ed.). Multi-Health Systems.
4. Blair, R. J. R., Mitchell, D. G. V., & Blair, K. (2005). The Psychopath: Emotion and the Brain.
5. Paris, J. (2015). Antisocial and borderline personality disorders: Two separate diagnoses or two aspects of the same psychopathology? Comprehensive Psychiatry, 60, 106-111.