Domain Name System (DNS) Service

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A Domain Name System (DNS) Service is an internet service that can resolve fully qualified domain names (FQDNs) to IP addresses.



References

2018

  • (Wikipedia, 2018) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System Retrieved:2018-10-22.
    • The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical decentralized naming system for computers, services, or other resources connected to the Internet or a private network. It associates various information with domain names assigned to each of the participating entities. Most prominently, it translates more readily memorized domain names to the numerical IP addresses needed for locating and identifying computer services and devices with the underlying network protocols. By providing a worldwide, distributed directory service, the Domain Name System has been an essential component of the functionality of the Internet since 1985.

      The Domain Name System delegates the responsibility of assigning domain names and mapping those names to Internet resources by designating authoritative name servers for each domain. Network administrators may delegate authority over sub-domains of their allocated name space to other name servers. This mechanism provides distributed and fault-tolerant service and was designed to avoid a single large central database.

      The Domain Name System also specifies the technical functionality of the database service that is at its core. It defines the DNS protocol, a detailed specification of the data structures and data communication exchanges used in the DNS, as part of the Internet Protocol Suite.

      The Internet maintains two principal namespaces, the domain name hierarchy[1] and the Internet Protocol (IP) address spaces.[2] The Domain Name System maintains the domain name hierarchy and provides translation services between it and the address spaces. Internet name servers and a communication protocol implement the Domain Name System.[3] A DNS name server is a server that stores the DNS records for a domain; a DNS name server responds with answers to queries against its database.

      The most common types of records stored in the DNS database are for Start of Authority (SOA), IP addresses (A and AAAA), SMTP mail exchangers (MX), name servers (NS), pointers for reverse DNS lookups (PTR), and domain name aliases (CNAME). Although not intended to be a general purpose database, DNS has been expanded over time to store records for other types of data for either automatic lookups, such as DNSSEC records, or for human queries such as responsible person (RP) records. As a general purpose database, the DNS has also been used in combating unsolicited email (spam) by storing a real-time blackhole list (RBL). The DNS database is traditionally stored in a structured text file, the zone file, but other database systems are common.

2006

  • http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb727005.aspx#EAAA
    • QUOTE: DNS is a distributed, hierarchical naming system that is used on the Internet and in most intranets to resolve fully qualified domain names (FQDNs) to IP addresses. An example of an FQDN is www.microsoft.com. A DNS server typically maintains information about a portion of the DNS namespace, such as all the names ending with wcoast.example.com, and resolves DNS name queries for DNS client computers, either itself or by querying other DNS servers. Computers running Windows XP or Windows Server 2003 can act as DNS clients, and a computer running Windows Server 2003 can act as a DNS server to resolve names on behalf of a DNS client or other DNS servers.

      … Domain Name System (DNS) – A hierarchical, distributed database that contains mappings of DNS domain names to various types of data, such as IP addresses. DNS enables the specification of computers and services by user-friendly names, and it also enables the discovery of other information stored in the database.


  1. RFC 1034, Domain Names - Concepts and Facilities, P. Mockapetris, The Internet Society (November 1987)
  2. RFC 781, Internet Protocol - DARPA Internet Program Protocol Specification, Information Sciences Institute, J. Postel (Ed.), The Internet Society (September 1981)
  3. RFC 1035, Domain Names - Implementation and Specification, P. Mockapetris, The Internet Society (November 1987)