Edmund Burke (1729-1797)
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An Edmund Burke (1729-1797) is a person.
- AKA: Edmund Burke, Burke, The Father of Conservatism, The Philosophical Statesman.
- Context:
- It can be an Anglo-Irish statesman and conservative philosopher.
- It can be a conservative revolutionary who founded modern conservatism by revolutionizing political thought.
- It can be known for supporting the American Revolution while opposing the French Revolution.
- It can typically develop Burkean Conservative Philosophy through tradition defenses and organic society theorys.
- It can typically articulate Burkean Political Principles through gradual reform advocacys and revolution critiques.
- It can typically demonstrate Burkean Rhetorical Power through parliamentary speeches and political writings.
- It can typically establish Burkean Constitutional Theory through prescription doctrines and inherited rights defense.
- It can typically manifest Burkean Imperial Thought through American sympathys and Indian advocacys.
- It can typically be associated with Burke Quotes and Burke Writings.
- ...
- It can often exhibit Burke Intellectual Paradoxes through Whig party membership while founding conservative philosophy.
- It can often demonstrate Burke Moral Imagination through aesthetic theorys influencing political thought.
- It can often employ Burke Prudential Wisdom through circumstance considerations over abstract principles.
- It can often pursue Burke Religious Defenses through established church supports and atheism oppositions.
- ...
- It can range from being a Liberal Whig Burke (1729-1797) to being a Conservative Philosopher Burke (1729-1797), depending on its Burke career phase.
- It can range from being a Colonial Reformer Burke (1729-1797) to being a Revolution Opponent Burke (1729-1797), depending on its Burke political context.
- It can range from being a Practical Politician Burke (1729-1797) to being a Political Theorist Burke (1729-1797), depending on its Burke engagement mode.
- ...
- It can transform political philosophy through conservative thought foundations.
- It can influence counter-revolutionary movements through French Revolution critiques.
- It can shape constitutional theory through prescriptive rights and prudence doctrines.
- It can inspire conservative traditions lasting through contemporary politics.
- It can be known for Burke Famous Quotes, such as:
- "The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing"
- "Nobody made a greater mistake than he who did nothing because he could do only a little"
- "People will not look forward to posterity, who never look backward to their ancestors"
- "All tyranny needs to gain a foothold is for people of good conscience to remain silent"
- "To read without reflecting is like eating without digesting"
- "It is a general popular error to suppose the loudest complainers for the public to be the most anxious for its welfare"
- "When the leaders choose to make themselves bidders at an auction of popularity, their talents, in the construction of the state, will be of no service"
- "People crushed by laws, have no hope but to evade power"
- "Hypocrisy can afford to be magnificent in its promises, for never intending to go beyond promise, it costs nothing"
- "It is not what a lawyer tells me I may do; but what humanity, reason, and justice tell me I ought to do"
- ...
- Example(s):
- Burke Life Periods, such as:
- Early Life Burke (1729-1750), including:
- Dublin Youth Burke (1729-1744) growing up in Protestant-Catholic family.
- Trinity College Student Burke (1744-1748) studying classics and philosophy.
- London Law Student Burke (1750) entering Middle Temple.
- Literary Period Burke (1750-1765), including:
- Parliamentary Career Burke (1765-1794), including:
- Rockingham Whig Burke (1765-1782) serving as private secretary and MP.
- American Crisis Supporter Burke (1774-1783) defending colonial rights.
- Paymaster General Burke (1782, 1783) serving in Whig governments.
- Warren Hastings Prosecutor Burke (1788-1794) leading impeachment trial.
- French Revolution Period Burke (1789-1797), including:
- Revolution Critic Burke (1790) publishing Reflections on the Revolution in France.
- Whig Split Leader Burke (1791) breaking with Fox faction.
- Counter-Revolutionary Theorist Burke (1791-1797) influencing European conservatives.
- Pension Recipient Burke (1794) accepting government pension.
- Early Life Burke (1729-1750), including:
- Burke Major Writings, such as:
- A Vindication of Natural Society (1756) satirizing rationalist politics.
- A Philosophical Enquiry into the Sublime and Beautiful (1757) exploring aesthetic theory.
- Thoughts on the Present Discontents (1770) defending party government.
- Speech on Conciliation with America (1775) advocating colonial reconciliation.
- Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790) founding conservative philosophy.
- Appeal from the New to the Old Whigs (1791) defending conservative position.
- Letters on a Regicide Peace (1796) opposing revolutionary France peace.
- Burke Political Positions, such as:
- American Independence Sympathy supporting colonial grievances while opposing independence.
- Irish Catholic Relief advocating religious tolerance and civil rights.
- India Reform Campaign opposing East India Company abuses.
- Economic Reform Advocacy reducing government corruption and royal influence.
- French Revolution Opposition predicting terror and military dictatorship.
- Burke Conservative Principles, such as:
- Prescription Doctrine defending inherited institutions through time-tested wisdom.
- Organic Society Theory viewing social order as living organism.
- Prudence Philosophy preferring practical wisdom over abstract reason.
- Prejudice Defense valuing inherited wisdom over individual speculation.
- Little Platoon Concept emphasizing local attachments over universal abstractions.
- Burke Historical Impact Periods, such as:
- Immediate Reception Period (1790-1820) influencing European counter-revolutions.
- 19th Century Influence (1820-1900) shaping British Conservative Party and European conservatism.
- 20th Century Revival (1900-1980) inspiring traditionalist conservatives and Cold War liberals.
- Neoconservative Adoption (1980-2000) claiming Burke legacy for democratic promotion.
- Contemporary Relevance (2000-present) debating Burke application to modern politics.
- ...
- Burke Life Periods, such as:
- Counter-Example(s):
- Thomas Paine (1737-1809), who championed natural rights against Burke's prescription doctrine.
- Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-1797), who defended reason and women's rights against Burke's prejudice.
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778), whose social contract Burke opposed as abstract theorizing.
- Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832), who advocated utilitarian reform against Burke's traditionalism.
- William Godwin (1756-1836), who promoted radical rationalism against Burke's custom defense.
- Joseph de Maistre (1753-1821), who exceeded Burke in reactionary absolutism.
- See: Conservative Revolutionary, Political Philosopher, British Statesman, Whig Party Member, Conservative Philosophy Founder, The French Revolution, American Revolution, French Revolution, Liberal Conservativism, 18th Century Thinker, Irish Protestant, Political Orator, Aesthetic Theorist, Modern Conservatism, Counter-Enlightenment, Reflections on the Revolution in France, Warren Hastings, Charles James Fox, Privy Council of Great Britain.
References
2019
- https://www.brainyquote.com/lists/authors/top_10_edmund_burke_quotes
- QUOTE:
- It is a general popular error to suppose the loudest complainers for the public to be the most anxious for its welfare.
- When the leaders choose to make themselves bidders at an auction of popularity, their talents, in the construction of the state, will be of no service. They will become flatterers instead of legislators; the instruments, not the guides, of the people.
- People will not look forward to posterity, who never look backward to their ancestors.
- People crushed by laws, have no hope but to evade power. If the laws are their enemies, they will be enemies to the law; and those who have most to hope and nothing to lose will always be dangerous.
- Hypocrisy can afford to be magnificent in its promises, for never intending to go beyond promise, it costs nothing.
- Nobody made a greater mistake than he who did nothing because he could do only a little.
- All tyranny needs to gain a foothold is for people of good conscience to remain silent.
- To read without reflecting is like eating without digesting.
- It is not what a lawyer tells me I may do; but what humanity, reason, and justice tell me I ought to do.
- The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing.
- QUOTE:
2014
- (Wikipedia, 2014) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Burke Retrieved:2014-9-28.
- Edmund Burke PC (12 January [NS] 1729 [1] 9 July 1797) was an Irish statesman born in Dublin; author, orator, political theorist, and philosopher, who, after moving to England, served for many years in the House of Commons of Great Britain as a member of the Whig party. Mainly, he is remembered for his support of the cause of the American Revolutionaries, and for his later opposition to the French Revolution. The latter led to his becoming the leading figure within the conservative faction of the Whig party, which he dubbed the "Old Whigs", in opposition to the pro–French Revolution "New Whigs", led by Charles James Fox. [2] Burke was praised by both conservatives and liberals in the nineteenth century. Since the twentieth century, he has generally been viewed as the philosophical founder of modern conservatism. [3] [4]
- ↑ The exact year of his birth is the subject of a great deal of controversy; 1728, 1729, and 1730 have been proposed. The month and day of his birth also are subject to question, a problem compounded by the Julian-Gregorian changeover in 1752, during his lifetime. For a fuller treatment of the question, see F. P. Lock, Edmund Burke. Volume I: 1730–1784 (Clarendon Press, 1999), pp. 16–17. Conor Cruise O'Brien (2008; p. 14) questions Burke's birthplace as having been in Dublin, arguing in favour of Shanballymore, Co. Cork (in the house of his uncle, James Nagle).
- ↑ Burke lived before the terms "conservative" and "liberal" were used to describe political ideologies, cf. J. C. D. Clark, English Society, 1660–1832 (Cambridge University Press, 2000), p. 5, p. 301.
- ↑ Andrew Heywood, Political Ideologies: An Introduction. Third Edition (Palgrave Macmillan, 2003), p. 74.
- ↑ F. P. Lock, Edmund Burke. Volume II: 1784–1797 (Clarendon Press, 2006), p. 585.
1790
- (Burke, 1790) ⇒ Edmund Burke. (1790). “Reflections on the Revolution in France: And on the Proceedings in Certain Societies in London Relative to That Event. In a Letter Intended to Have Been Sent to a Gentleman in Paris."