State of Israel (1948-)
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A State of Israel (1948-) is a county within a Region of Palestine (in south-western Asia).
- Context:
- It can be composed of Israeli Citizens, and Immigrants to Israel.
- It can be managed by an Israeli Government.
- Example(s):
- Israel, 1948 (United Nations approved the partition plan (Resolution 181)).
- Israel, 1949 (based on the Armistice Demarcation Lines (Green Line) signed with Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria).
- Israel, 1950.
- Israel, 1960.
- Israel, 1967, after The Six-Day War capture of the West Bank, Gaza Strip, Sinai Peninsula, and Golan Heights).
- Israel, 1970.
- Israel, 1979, after the Camp David Accords which lead to the return of the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt.
- Israel, 1980.
- Israel, 1990.
- Israel, 1994, after The Israel-Jordan Peace Treaty which delineated the border between Israel and Jordan.
- Israel, 2000.
- Israel, 2010.
- Israel, 2020.
- …
- Israel, 1948 (United Nations approved the partition plan (Resolution 181)).
- Counter-Example(s):
- See: Israeli Citizen, Jerusalem, West Jerusalem.
References
2020
- (Wikipedia, 2020) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel Retrieved:2020-2-28.
- Israel, formally known as the State of Israel, is a country in Western Asia, located on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea. It has land borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan on the east, the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip to the east and west, respectively, and Egypt to the southwest. The country contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area. Israel's economic and technological center is Tel Aviv, while its seat of government and proclaimed capital is Jerusalem, although the state's sovereignty over Jerusalem has only partial recognition. [1] [2] [3] [4] [fn 1] Israel has evidence of the earliest migration of hominids out of Africa. [5] Canaanite tribes are archaeologically attested since the Middle Bronze Age, [6] while the Kingdoms of Israel and Judah emerged during the Iron Age. The Neo-Assyrian Empire destroyed Israel around 720 BCE. Judah was later conquered by the Babylonian, Persian and Hellenistic empires and had existed as Jewish autonomous provinces. [7] Judea lasted as a Roman province until the failed Jewish revolts resulted in widespread destruction, the expulsion of the Jewish population and the renaming of the region from Iudaea to Syria Palaestina.[8] Efforts to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict have not resulted in a final peace agreement. However, peace treaties between Israel and both Egypt and Jordan have been signed. In its Basic Laws, Israel defines itself as a Jewish and democratic state and the nation state of the Jewish people. The country has a liberal democracy (one of only two in the Middle East and North Africa region, the other being Tunisia), with a parliamentary system, proportional representation, and universal suffrage. [9] The prime minister is head of government and the Knesset is the legislature. With a population of around 9 million as of 2019, Israel is a developed country and an Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member, has the 31st or 32nd-largest economy in the world by nominal gross domestic product (GDP), and is the richest (nominal GDP) and the most developed country currently in conflict (counting countries with at least 100–999 military deaths per year). It has the highest standard of living in the Middle East, and ranks among the world's top countries by percentage of citizens with military training,[10] percentage of citizens holding a tertiary education degree, research and development spending by GDP percentage,[11] women's safety, life expectancy, innovativeness, and happiness.
- ↑ The Controversial Sovereignty over the City of Jerusalem (22 June 2015, The National Catholic Reporter) "No U.S. president has ever officially acknowledged Israeli sovereignty over any part of Jerusalem (...) The refusal to recognize Jerusalem as Israeli territory is a near universal policy among Western nations."
- ↑ "UN General Assembly Resolution 181 recommended the creation of an international zonea, or corpus separatum, in Jerusalem to be administered by the UN for a 10-year period, after which there would be referendum to determine its future. This approach applies equally to West and East Jerusalem and is not affected by the occupation of East jerusalem in 1967. To a large extent it is this approach that still guides the diplomatic behaviour of states and thus has greater force in international law" (Susan M. Akram, Michael Dumper, Michael Lynk, Iain Scobbie (eds.), International Law and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: A Rights-Based Approach to Middle East Peace, Routledge, 2010 p. 119. )
- ↑ Jerusalem: Opposition to mooted Trump Israel announcement grows"Israeli sovereignty over Jerusalem has never been recognised internationally"
- ↑ Whither Jerusalem (Lapidot) p. 17: "Israeli control in west Jerusalem since 1948 was illegal and most states have not recognized its sovereignty there"
- ↑ Charles A. Repenning & Oldrich Fejfar, Evidence for earlier date of 'Ubeidiya, Israel, hominid site Nature 299, 344–347 (23 September 1982)
- ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica article on Canaan
- ↑ {{
- ↑ {{
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* Azarova, Valentina. 2017, Israel's Unlawfully Prolonged Occupation: Consequences under an Integrated Legal Framework, European Council on Foreign Affairs Policy Brief: "June 2017 marks 50 years of Israel's belligerent occupation of Palestinian territory, making it the longest occupation in modern history." - ↑ . "A current list of liberal democracies includes: Andorra, Argentina, ..., Cyprus, ..., Israel, ..."
- ↑ IISS 2018, pp. 339-340
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
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