Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)
A Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an Alternative Medicine that encompasses a range of health care practices drawn from traditional medicine in China.
- AKA: Chinese Medicine.
- Example(s):
- Acupuncture,
- Dit Da,
- Gua Sha,
- Moxibustion,
- ...
- …
- Counter-Example(s):
- See: Poaching, Nanning, Guangxi, China, Pseudoscience, Mechanism of Action, Folk Beliefs, Scholar-Official, Confucianism, Chinese Herbology, Herbalism, Ethnomedicine, Ethnobotany, Medical Anthropology.
References
2022
- (Wikipedia, 2022) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicine Retrieved:2022-10-22.
- Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an alternative medical practice drawn from traditional medicine in China. It has been described as "fraught with pseudoscience", with the majority of its treatments appearing to have no logical mechanism of action. [1]
Medicine in traditional China encompassed a range of sometimes competing health and healing practices, folk beliefs, literati theory and Confucian philosophy, herbal remedies, food, diet, exercise, medical specializations, and schools of thought.In the early twentieth century, Chinese cultural and political modernizers worked to eliminate traditional practices as backward and unscientific. Traditional practitioners then selected elements of philosophy and practice and organized them into what they called "Chinese medicine" (Zhongyi).In the 1950s, the Chinese government sponsored the integration of Chinese and Western medicine,and in the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution of the 1960s, promoted Chinese medicine as inexpensive and popular.[2] After the opening of relations between the United States and China after 1972, there was great interest in the West for what is now called traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
TCM is said to be based on such texts as Huangdi Neijing (The Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor), and Compendium of Materia Medica, a sixteenth-century encyclopedic work, and includes various forms of herbal medicine, acupuncture, cupping therapy, gua sha, massage (tui na), bonesetter (die-da), exercise (qigong), and dietary therapy. TCM is widely used in the Sinosphere. One of the basic tenets is that the body's vital energy (ch'i or qi) is circulating through channels called meridians having branches connected to bodily organs and functions.[3] The concept of vital energy is pseudoscientific. Concepts of the body and of disease used in TCM reflect its ancient origins and its emphasis on dynamic processes over material structure, similar to the humoral theory of ancient Greece and ancient Rome.<ref name="Novella2012"> Novella S (25 January 2012). "What Is Traditional Chinese Medicine?". Science-based Medicine. Archived from the original on 15 April 2014. Retrieved 14 April 2014.<ref>
The demand for traditional medicines in China has been a major generator of illegal wildlife smuggling, linked to the killing and smuggling of endangered animals.
- Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an alternative medical practice drawn from traditional medicine in China. It has been described as "fraught with pseudoscience", with the majority of its treatments appearing to have no logical mechanism of action. [1]
- ↑ Eigenschink, Michael; Dearing, Lukas; Dablander, Tom E.; Maier, Julian; Sitte, Harald H. (May 2020). "A critical examination of the main premises of Traditional Chinese Medicine". Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. 132 (9–10): 260–273. doi:10.1007/s00508-020-01625-w. PMC 7253514. PMID 32198544.
- ↑ "Gushi.tw" 中醫的發明和國族認同有關係？文化大革命對「傳統中醫學」的影響 | 故事. gushi.tw (in Chinese (Taiwan)). 7 April 2019. Archived from the original on 14 July 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
- ↑ Barrett S (12 January 2011). "Be Wary of Acupuncture, Qigong, and 'Chinese Medicine'". Archived from the original on 2 June 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2013.