Analogy-based Reasoning

A Analogy-based Reasoning is a reasoning strategy / abductive reasoning that can be used to create inference systems (that support problem-solving tasks).

• AKA: Analogical Reasoning, Reasoning by Analogy, Analogical Problem Solving.
• Context:
  • It can typically transfer Knowledge Pattern from source domains to target domains through structural mapping.
  • It can typically identify Structural Similarity between familiar problem and novel problem through relational comparison.
  • It can typically generate Novel Inference through cross-domain knowledge transfer.
  • It can typically solve Complex Problem through parallel case analysis.
  • It can typically discover Creative Solution through source-target alignment.
  • ...
  • It can typically involve a Four-Stage Process: analogy-based reasoning retrieval stage, analogy-based reasoning mapping stage, analogy-based reasoning adaptation stage, and analogy-based reasoning evaluation stage.
  • It can typically retrieve Similar Case from memory system based on problem feature similarity.
  • It can typically map Structural Relationship from source case to target problem through correspondence identification.
  • It can typically adapt Previous Solution to address current problem specifics through solution modification.
  • It can typically evaluate Adapted Solution through effectiveness assessment and further refinement.
  • ...
  • It can often overcome Knowledge Gap through experiential transfer.
  • It can often support Learning Process through pattern recognition.
  • It can often facilitate Insight Generation through distant connection.
  • It can often simplify Conceptual Complexity through familiar framework application.
  • ...
  • It can often contrast with First-Principles Reasoning, which builds solutions step-by-step rather than through analogy-based reasoning experience leverage.
  • It can often enable Quick Inference through high-level analogical leap rather than detailed deductive process.
  • It can often provide Efficiency Benefit through solution reuse rather than solution reinvention.
  • It can often support Creative Thinking through cross-domain connection and novel application.
  • ...
  • It can range from being a Surface Analogy-based Reasoning to being a Deep Analogy-based Reasoning, depending on its analogy-based reasoning structural depth.
  • It can range from being a Domain-Specific Analogy-based Reasoning to being a Cross-Domain Analogy-based Reasoning, depending on its analogy-based reasoning knowledge scope.
  • It can range from being a Explicit Analogy-based Reasoning to being an Implicit Analogy-based Reasoning, depending on its analogy-based reasoning consciousness level.
  • ...
  • It can integrate with Memory System for analogy-based reasoning source retrieval.
  • It can connect to Pattern Recognition System for analogy-based reasoning similarity detection.
  • It can support Problem-Solving System for analogy-based reasoning solution generation.
  • It can complement Logical Reasoning System for analogy-based reasoning inference validation.
  • ...
  • It can provide AI System Benefit through human-like reasoning capability and experience-based problem solving.
  • It can address AGI Development Challenge through flexible knowledge transfer and adaptive solution generation.
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• Examples:
  • Analogy-based Reasoning Application Domains, such as:
    • Scientific Analogy-based Reasonings, such as:
      • Model-Based Analogy-based Reasoning for scientific discovery process.
      • Hypothesis-Generating Analogy-based Reasoning for scientific theory development.
      • Physical Model Analogy-based Reasoning for atomic structure understanding, as demonstrated by Niels Bohr's Solar System Atomic Model.
    • Educational Analogy-based Reasonings, such as:
      • Instructional Analogy-based Reasoning for knowledge transfer facilitation.
      • Conceptual Bridging Analogy-based Reasoning for abstract concept explanation.
    • Artificial Intelligence Analogy-based Reasonings, such as:
      • Case-Based Analogy-based Reasoning for AI problem solution.
      • Neural Analogy-based Reasoning for pattern-based inference generation.
      • Helpdesk Analogy-based Reasoning for customer issue resolution through previous complaint solution adaptation.
    • Everyday Analogy-based Reasonings, such as:
      • Repair Analogy-based Reasoning for broken device fixing based on similar device repair experience.
      • Navigation Analogy-based Reasoning for unfamiliar location wayfinding based on familiar location structure.
  • Analogy-based Reasoning Cognitive Processes, such as:
    • Retrieval Analogy-based Reasonings, such as:
      • Similarity-Triggered Analogy-based Reasoning for source case identification.
      • Memory-Index Analogy-based Reasoning for relevant experience access.
    • Mapping Analogy-based Reasonings, such as:
      • Structure-Mapping Analogy-based Reasoning for relational correspondence identification.
      • Constraint-Satisfaction Analogy-based Reasoning for optimal alignment determination.
    • Transfer Analogy-based Reasonings, such as:
      • Inference-Projection Analogy-based Reasoning for knowledge application to new domain.
      • Solution-Adaptation Analogy-based Reasoning for contextual knowledge modification.
  • ...
• Counter-Examples:
  • Deductive Reasoning, which relies on logical rule application rather than analogy-based reasoning structural mapping.
  • Statistical Reasoning, which depends on probabilistic analysis rather than analogy-based reasoning case comparison.
  • Intuitive Reasoning, which operates through unconscious processing without analogy-based reasoning explicit comparison.
  • Causal Reasoning, which focuses on direct cause-effect relationship rather than analogy-based reasoning similarity-based inference.
  • First-Principles Reasoning, which builds solutions from fundamental knowledge rather than analogy-based reasoning previous experience.
• See: Case-Based Reasoning, Metaphorical Thinking, Inductive Reasoning, Structural Mapping Theory, Mental Model, Experience-Based Learning, Analogy, Abductive Inference.

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