Human Forebrain

A Human Forebrain is a forebrain brain region for a human brain.

• Context:
  • It can (typically) include a Human Cortex, Human Thalamus, and Human Hypothalamus.
  • …
• Counter-Example(s):
  • Human Midbrain.
  • Human Hindbrain.
• See: Human Consciousness, Hypothalamus.

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References

2015

• http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/kinser/Structure1.html
  • The brain is made of three main parts: the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. The forebrain consists of the cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus (part of the limbic system). The midbrain consists of the tectum and tegmentum. The hindbrain is made of the cerebellum, pons and medulla. Often the midbrain, pons, and medulla are referred to together as the brainstem.

2013

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_regions_in_the_human_brain#Forebrain_.28prosencephalon.29
  • Diencephalon.
    • pineal body.
    • Habenular nuclei.
    • Stria medullares.
    • Taenia thalami.
  • Third ventricle.
    • Thalamus.
      • Anterior nuclear group.
        • Anteroventral nucleus.
        • Anterodorsal nucleus.
        • Anteromedial nucleus.
      • Medial nuclear group.
        • Medial dorsal nucleus.
        • Midline nuclear group.
        • Paratenial nucleus.
        • Reuniens nucleus.
        • Rhomboidal nucleus.
        • Intralaminar nuclear group.
        • Centromedial nucleus.
        • Parafascicular nucleus.
        • Paracentral nucleus.
        • Central lateral nucleus.
        • Central medial nucleus.
      • Lateral nuclear group.
        • Lateral dorsal nucleus.
        • Lateral posterior nucleus.
        • Pulvinar.
      • Ventral nuclear group.
        • Ventral anterior nucleus.
        • Ventral lateral nucleus.
        • Ventral posterior nucleus.
          • Ventral posterior lateral nucleus
          • Ventral posterior medial nucleus.
      • Metathalamus.
        • Medial geniculate body.
        • Lateral geniculate body.
      • Thalamic reticular nucleus.
  • Hypothalamus (limbic system) (HPA axis)
    • • Anterior
        • Medial area
          • Parts of preoptic area
            • Medial preoptic nucleus
          • Suprachiasmatic nucleus.
          • Paraventricular nucleus.
          • Supraoptic nucleus (mainly)
          • Anterior hypothalamic nucleus
        • Lateral area
          • Parts of preoptic area
            • Lateral preoptic nucleus
          • Anterior part of Lateral nucleus
          • Part of supraoptic nucleus
        • Other nuclei of preoptic area.
          • median preoptic nucleus
          • periventricular preoptic nucleus
      • Tuberal
        • Medial area
          • Dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus
          • Ventromedial nucleus
          • Arcuate nucleus.
        • Lateral area
          • Tuberal part of Lateral nucleus
          • Lateral tuberal nuclei.
      • Posterior
        • Medial area
          • Mammillary nuclei (part of mammillary bodies)
          • Posterior nucleus.
        • Lateral area
          • Posterior part of Lateral nucleus.
      • Optic chiasm.
      • Subfornical organ.
      • Periventricular nucleus.
      • Pituitary stalk.
      • Tuber cinereum.
        • Tuberal nucleus
        • Tuberomamillary nucleus.
      • Tuberal region.
      • Mammillary bodies.
      • Mammillary nucleus.
  • Subthalamus(HPA axis)
    • • Thalamic nucleus.
      • Zona incerta.
  • Pituitary gland (HPA axis)
    • • neurohypophysis.
      • Intermediate pituitary.
      • adenohypophysis.
  • Telencephalon (cerebrum) Cerebral hemispheres.
  • White matter.
    • • Corona radiata.
      • Internal capsule.
      • External capsule.
      • Extreme capsule.
      • Arcuate fasciculus.
      • Uncinate fasciculus.
  • Subcortical
    • • Hippocampus (Medial Temporal Lobe)
        • Dentate gyrus.
        • Cornu ammonis (CA fields)
          • Cornu ammonis area 1.
          • Cornu ammonis area 2.
          • Cornu ammonis area 3.
          • Cornu ammonis area 4.
      • Amygdala (limbic system) (limbic lobe)
        • Central nucleus (autonomic nervous system)
        • Medial nucleus (accessory olfactory system)
        • Cortical and basomedial nuclei (main olfactory system)
        • LateralTemplate:Disambiguation needed and basolateral nuclei (frontotemporal cortical system)
      • Claustrum.
      • Basal ganglia.
        • Striatum.
          • Dorsal striatum.
            • Putamen.
            • Caudate nucleus.
          • Ventral striatum.
            • Nucleus accumbens.
            • Olfactory tubercle.
        • Globus pallidus (forms nucleus lentiformis with putamen)
        • Subthalamic nucleus.
  • Rhinencephalon (paleopallium)
    • • Olfactory bulb.
      • Piriform cortex.
      • Anterior olfactory nucleus.
      • Olfactory tract.
      • Anterior commissure.
      • Uncus.
  • Cerebral cortex (neopallium)
    • • Frontal lobe.
        • Cortex
          • Primary motor cortex (Precentral gyrus, M1)
          • Supplementary motor cortex.
          • Premotor cortex.
          • Prefrontal cortex.
        • Gyri.
          • Superior frontal gyrus.
          • Middle frontal gyrus.
          • Inferior frontal gyrus
        • Brodmann areas: 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 24, 25, 32, 33, 44, 45, 46, 47.
      • Parietal lobe.
        • Cortex
          • Primary somatosensory cortex (S1)
          • Secondary somatosensory cortex (S2)
          • Posterior parietal cortex.
        • Gyri.
          • Postcentral gyrus (Primary somesthetic area)
        • Other
          • Precuneus.
        • Brodmann areas 1, 2, 3 (Primary somesthetic area) ; 5, 7, 23, 26, 29, 31, 39, 40.
      • Occipital lobe.
        • Cortex
          • Primary visual cortex (V1)
          • V2.
          • V3.
          • V4.
          • V5/MT.
    • • • Gyri.
          • Lateral occipital gyrus.
        • Other
          • Cuneus.
        • Brodmann areas 17 (V1, primary visual cortex) ; 18, 19.
      • Temporal lobe.
        • Cortex
          • Primary auditory cortex (A1)
          • secondary auditory cortex (A2)
          • Inferior temporal cortex.
          • Posterior inferior temporal cortex.
        • Gyri.
          • Superior temporal gyrus.
          • Middle temporal gyrus.
          • Inferior temporal gyrus.
          • Fusiform gyrus.
          • Parahippocampal gyrus.
        • Brodmann areas: 9, 20, 21, 22, 27, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 41, 42.
        • Other
          • Medial superior temporal area (MST)
      • Insular cortex.
      • Cingulate cortex.
        • Anterior cingulate.
        • Posterior cingulate.
        • Retrosplenial cortex.
        • Indusium griseum.
        • Subgenual area 25.
        • Brodmann areas 23, 24; 26, 29, 30 (retrosplenial areas) ; 31, 32

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