Infected Organism
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An Infected Organism is a diseaced organism that participated in an infection event (where one infected individual infected another infected individual with a transmissible disease).
- Example(s):
- of HIV/AIDS: Michel Foucault, Isaac Asimov, Freddie Mercury, ...
- of Malaria: ...
- of COVID-19: ...
- of Polio: ...
- of Typhoid: ...
- of Measles: ...
- of ...
- …
- Counter-Example(s):
- See: Disease, Infectious Disease, Treatment, Vaccination, Gram-Positive Bacteria, Toxin, Infectious Disease (Medical Specialty), Electron Micrograph, Malaria, Sporozoite, Midgut, Epithelia, Tissue (Biology), Disease, Host (Biology), Transmissible Disease, Illness.
References
2020
- (Wikipedia, 2020) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infection Retrieved:2020-3-22.
- Infection is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce.[1][2] Infectious disease, also known as transmissible disease or communicable disease, is illness resulting from an infection.
Infections are caused by infectious agents (pathogens) including:
- Infection is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce.[1][2] Infectious disease, also known as transmissible disease or communicable disease, is illness resulting from an infection.
- Viruses and related agents such as viroids and prions
- Bacteria
- Fungi, further subclassified into:
- Ascomycota, including yeasts such as Candida, filamentous fungi such as Aspergillus, Pneumocystis species, and dermatophytes, a group of organisms causing infection of skin and other superficial structures in humans.[3]
- Basidiomycota, including the human-pathogenic genus Cryptococcus.[4]
- Parasites, which are usually divided into:[5]
- Unicellular organisms (e.g. malaria, Toxoplasma, Babesia)
- Macroparasites[6] (worms or helminths) including nematodes such as parasitic roundworms and pinworms, tapeworms (cestodes), and flukes (trematodes, such as schistosomiasis)
- Arthropods such as ticks, mites, fleas, and lice, can also cause human disease, which conceptually are similar to infections, but invasion of a human or animal body by these macroparasites is usually termed infestation. (Diseases caused by helminths, which are also macroparasites, are sometimes termed infestations as well, but are sometimes called infections.)
Hosts can fight infections using their immune system. Mammalian hosts react to infections with an innate response, often involving inflammation, followed by an adaptive response.[7]
Specific medications used to treat infections include antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, antiprotozoals, and antihelminthics. Infectious diseases resulted in 9.2 million deaths in 2013 (about 17% of all deaths).[8] The branch of medicine that focuses on infections is referred to as infectious disease.[9]
- ↑ Definition of "infection" from several medical dictionaries – Retrieved on 2012-04-03
- ↑ Template:Cite news
- ↑ "Types of Fungal Diseases | Fungal Diseases | CDC" (in en-us). 2019-06-27. https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/index.html. Retrieved 2019-12-09.
- ↑ Template:Citation
- ↑ "CDC - Parasites - About Parasites" (in en-us). 2019-02-25. https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/about.html. Retrieved 2019-12-09.
- ↑ Brown, Peter J. (1987). "Microparasites and Macroparasites". Cultural Anthropology 2 (1): 155–171. doi:10.1525/can.1987.2.1.02a00120. JSTOR 656401.
- ↑ Alberto Signore (2013). "About inflammation and infection". EJNMMI Research 8 (3). http://www.ejnmmires.com/content/pdf/2191-219X-3-8.pdf.
- ↑ GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death, Collaborators (17 December 2014). "Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". Lancet 385 (9963): 117–71. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2. PMC 4340604. PMID 25530442. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4340604.
- ↑ "Infectious Disease, Internal Medicine". Association of American Medical Colleges. Archived from the original on 2015-02-06. https://web.archive.org/web/20150206201010/https://www.aamc.org/cim/specialty/list/us/339608/infectious_disease_-internal_medicine.html. Retrieved 2015-08-20. "Infectious disease is the subspecialty of internal medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of communicable diseases of all types, in all organs, and in all ages of patients."