Personality Disorder

A Personality Disorder is a Mental Disorder that ...

• See: DSM-5, Politics, Psychiatry, Mental Disorder, Maladaptive, Diagnostic And Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, International Statistical Classification of Diseases And Related Health Problems#Mental And Behavioral Disorders, International Statistical Classification of Diseases And Related Health Problems, World Health Organization, Personality, Ego-Syntonic, Ego Integrity.

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References

2017

• (Wikipedia, 2017) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/personality_disorder Retrieved:2017-2-16.
  • Personality disorders (PD) are a class of mental disorders characterized by enduring maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition, and inner experience, exhibited across many contexts and deviating markedly from those accepted by the individual's culture. These patterns develop early, are inflexible, and are associated with significant distress or disability. The definitions may vary somewhat, according to source. Official criteria for diagnosing personality disorders are listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), and in the mental and behavioral disorders section of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD), published by the World Health Organization (WHO). The DSM-5 lists personality disorders in the same way as other mental disorders, rather than on a separate 'axis', as previously. Personality, defined psychologically, is the set of enduring behavioral and mental traits that distinguish between individual humans. Hence, personality disorders are defined by experiences and behaviors that differ from societal norms and expectations. Those diagnosed with a personality disorder may experience difficulties in cognition, emotiveness, interpersonal functioning, or impulse control. In general, personality disorders are diagnosed in 40–60% of psychiatric patients, making them the most frequent of psychiatric diagnosis. Personality disorders are characterized by an enduring collection of behavioral patterns often associated with considerable personal, social, and occupational disruption. Personality disorders are also inflexible and pervasive across many situations, largely due to the fact that such behavior may be ego-syntonic (i.e. the patterns are consistent with the ego integrity of the individual) and are therefore perceived to be appropriate for that individual. This behavior can result in maladaptive coping skills, may lead to personal problems that induce extreme anxiety, distress, or depression. These patterns of behavior typically are recognized in adolescence and the beginning of adulthood and, in some unusual instances, childhood. Many issues occur with classifying a personality disorder. There are many categories of definition,some mild and some extreme. Because the theory and diagnosis of personality disorders occur within prevailing cultural expectations, their validity is contested by some experts on the basis of inevitable subjectivity. They argue that the theory and diagnosis of personality disorders are based strictly on social, or even sociopolitical and economic considerations.

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