2005 OntologiesAreUs
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- (Mika, 2005) ⇒ Peter Mika. (2005). “Ontologies Are Us: A Unified Model of Social Networks and Semantics.” In: International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2005)
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- Author's Paper Webpage: http://research.yahoo.com/pub/1148
- It became a Journal Paper: * (Mika, 2007) ⇒ Peter Mika. (2007). “Ontologies are us: A unified model of social networks and semantics" In: Journal of Web Semantics, 5(1). [doi:10.1016/j.websem.2006.11.002]
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Abstract
- In our work we extend the traditional bipartite model of ontologies with the social dimension, leading to a tripartite model of actors, concepts and instances. We demonstrate the application of this representation by showing how community-based semantics emerges from this model through a process of graph transformation. We illustrate ontology emergence by two case studies, an analysis of a large scale folksonomy system and a novel method for the extraction of community-based ontologies from Web pages.
1 Introduction
- According to the most cited definition of the Semantic Web literature, an ontology is an explicit specification of the conceptualization of a domain [1]. Guarino clarifies Gruber's definition by adding that the AI usage of the term refers to "an engineering artifact, constituted by a specific vocabulary used to describe a certain reality, plus a set of explicit assumptions regarding the intended meaning of the vocabulary words" [2]. An ontology is thus engineered by -but often for members of a domain by explicating a reality as a set of agreed upon terms and logically-founded constraints on their use.
- Conceiving ontologies as engineering artifacts allows us to objectify them, separate them from their original social context of creation and transfer them across the domain. Problems arise with this simplistic view, however, if we consider the temporal extent of knowledge. As the original community evolves through members leaving and entering or their commitments changing, a new consensus may shape up invalidating the knowledge codified in the ontology.
- We will show how lightweight ontologies of concepts and social networks of persons emerge from this model through simple graph transformations.
2 A tripartite model of ontologies
- While expert systems designed for centralized, controlled environments benefit greatly from the increasing expressivity of ontology languages such as OWL, especially in domains that lend naturally to formalization such as engineering and medicine, lightweight ontologies expressed in RDF(S) have spread and caught on in the loosely controlled, distributed environment of the Web [4].
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| Author | volume | Date Value | title | type | journal | titleUrl | doi | note | year | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 OntologiesAreUs | Peter Mika | Ontologies Are Us: A Unified Model of Social Networks and Semantics | http://www.cs.vu.nl/~pmika/research/papers/ISWC-folksonomy.pdf |