Adenylyl Cyclase
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An Adenylyl Cyclase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and inorganic pyrophosphate. It is activated by the attachment of a hormone or neurotransmitter to a specific membrane-bound receptor.
- AKA: Adenyl Cyclase, AC.
- Context:
- It can be activated or inhibited by G proteins.
- Example(s):
- Mycobacterium Tuberculosis http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0A4Y0
- PMID 4960932: “The gene Rv1625c from Mycobacterium tuberculosis encodes a membrane-anchored adenylyl cyclase corresponding to exactly one-half of a mammalian adenylyl cyclase. An engineered, soluble form of Rv1625c was expressed in Escherichia coli. It formed a homodimeric cyclase with two catalytic centers. Amino acid mutations predicted to affect catalysis resulted in inactive monomers. A single catalytic center with wild-type activity could be reconstituted from mutated monomers in stringent analogy to the mammalian heterodimeric cyclase structure. The proposed existence of supramolecular adenylyl cyclase complexes was established by reconstitution from peptide-linked, mutation-inactivated homodimers resulting in pseudo-trimeric and -tetrameric complexes. The mycobacterial holoenzyme was expressed successfully in E.coli and mammalian HEK293 cells, i.e. its membrane targeting sequence was compatible with the bacterial and eukaryotic machinery for processing and membrane insertion .”
- See: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.
References
2009
- (Wikipedia, 2009) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenylyl_cyclase
- Adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1, also known as adenylyl cyclase, adenyl cyclase or AC) is a lyase enzyme. It is a part of the cAMP dependent pathway
- Gene Ontology http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term-details.cgi?term=GO:0004629&session_id=5828amigo1240506945
- Accession: GO:0004016
- Ontology: molecular function
- Synonyms
- related: cAMP generating peptide activity
- exact: 3',5'-cyclic AMP synthetase activity
- exact: adenyl cyclase activity
- exact: adenylyl cyclase activity
- exact: adenylylcyclase activity
- exact: ATP diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing) activity
- exact: ATP diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing; 3',5'-cyclic-AMP-forming) activity
- exact: ATP pyrophosphate-lyase activity
- Definition
- Catalysis of the reaction: ATP = 3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate. [source: EC:4.6.1.1]----