Apple Corporation

An Apple Corporation is a U.S.-based multinational corporation that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, online services, and personal computers.

• Context:
  • It raised $97 million at its IPO in 1980 (about $274M in 2014 dollars).
• Example(s):
  • Apple, 1976.
  • Apple, 1985 (when Steve Jobs was removed).
  • Apple, 1997 (when Steve Jobs was asked to return).
  • Apple, 2001 (when the iPod was released).
  • Apple, 2007 (when the iPhone was released).
  • Apple, 2011 (when Steve Jobs died).
  • Apple, 2017.
  • Apple, 2020.
  • …
• Counter-Example(s):
  • Microsoft Corporation.
  • Sony Corp..
  • Google Inc..
• See: Macintosh, IPod, Mobile Digital Media Player, IPhone, Smartphone.

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References

2020

• (Podolny & Hansen, 2020) ⇒ Joel M. Podolny, and Morten T. Hansen. (2020). “How Apple Is Organized for Innovation.” In: Harvard Business Review Journal.
  • QUOTE: ... When Jobs arrived back at Apple, it had a conventional structure for a company of its size and scope. It was divided into business units, each with its own P&L responsibilities. General managers ran the Macintosh products group, the information appliances division, and the server products division, among others. As is often the case with decentralized business units, managers were inclined to fight with one another, over transfer prices in particular. Believing that conventional management had stifled innovation, Jobs, in his first year returning as CEO, laid off the general managers of all the business units (in a single day), put the entire company under one P&L, and combined the disparate functional departments of the business units into one functional organization. …

2014

• (Wikipedia, 2014) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Inc. Retrieved:2014-8-3.
  • Apple Inc. is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, online services, and personal computers. Its best-known hardware products are the Mac line of computers, the iPod media player, the iPhone smartphone, and the iPad tablet computer. Its online services include iCloud, iTunes Store, and App Store. Its consumer software includes the OS X and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media browser, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites.

    Apple was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne on April 1, 1976, to develop and sell personal computers. It was incorporated as Apple Computer, Inc. on January 3, 1977, and was renamed as Apple Inc. on January 9, 2007, to reflect its shifted focus towards consumer electronics.

    Apple is the world's second-largest information technology company by revenue after Samsung Electronics, and the world's third-largest mobile phone maker after Samsung and Nokia. Fortune magazine named Apple the most admired company in the United States in 2008, and in the world from 2008 to 2012. On September 30, 2013, Apple surpassed Coca-Cola to become the world's most valuable brand in the Omnicom Group's “Best Global Brands" report. However, the company has received criticism for its contractors' labor practices, as well as for its own environmental and business practices. As of June 2014, Apple maintains 425 retail stores in fourteen countries, as well as the online Apple Store and iTunes Store, the latter of which is the world's largest music retailer. Apple is the largest publicly traded corporation in the world by market capitalization, with an estimated market capitalization of $446 billion by January, 2014. As of September 29, 2012, the company had 72,800 permanent full-time employees and 3,300 temporary full-time employees worldwide. Its worldwide annual revenue in 2013 totalled 170 billion. As of Q1 2014, Apple's five-year growth average is 39% for top line growth and 45% for bottom line growth. In May 2013, Apple entered the top ten of the Fortune 500 list of companies for the first time, rising 11 places above its 2012 ranking to take the sixth position.

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