Cirque du Soleil

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A Cirque du Soleil is an entertainment company that is a theatrical circus performance which combines acrobatics, music, and storytelling in a unique and artistic way.

References

2023

  • (Wikipedia, 2023) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirque_du_Soleil Retrieved:2023-7-8.
    • Cirque du Soleil (French: [siʁk dy sɔlɛj], Quebec [sɪʁk dzy sɔlɛj] "Circus of the Sun" or "Sun Circus") is a Canadian entertainment company and the largest contemporary circus producer in the world.[1] Located in the inner-city area of Saint-Michel, it was founded in Baie-Saint-Paul on 16 June 1984 by former street performers Guy Laliberté and Gilles Ste-Croix.

      Originating as a performing troupe called Les Échassiers (IPA: [lez‿eʃasje]; "The Stilt Walkers"), they toured Quebec in various forms between 1979 and 1983. Their initial financial hardship was relieved in 1983 by a government grant from the Canada Council for the Arts to perform as part of the 450th anniversary celebrations of Jacques Cartier's voyage to Canada.[2] Their first official production Le Grand Tour du Cirque du Soleil was a success in 1984, and after securing a second year of funding, Laliberté hired Guy Caron from the National Circus School to recreate it as a "proper circus". Its theatrical, character-driven approach and the absence of performing animals helped define Cirque du Soleil as the contemporary circus ("nouveau cirque") that it remains today.[3]

      After financial successes and failures in the late 1980s, Nouvelle Expérience was created—with the direction of Franco Dragone—which not only made Cirque du Soleil profitable by 1990, but allowed it to create new shows.[4]

      Cirque du Soleil expanded rapidly through the 1990s and 2000s, growing from one production to dozens of shows in over 300 cities on six continents. The company employed 4,900 people from 50 countries and generated an annual revenue of approximately US$Template:1 billion in 2017.[5] The multiple permanent Las Vegas shows alone play to more than 9,000 people a night, 5% of the city's visitors, adding to the over 100 million people who have seen Cirque du Soleil productions worldwide.[6][7]

      In 2000, Laliberté bought out Daniel Gauthier, and with 95% ownership continued to expand the brand.[8] In 2008, Laliberté split 20% of his share equally between the investment groups Istithmar World and Nakheel of Dubai in order to further finance the company's goals. In partnership with these two groups, Cirque du Soleil had planned to build a residency show in the United Arab Emirates in 2012 directed by Guy Caron and Michael Curry.[9][10] However, following Dubai's financial problems in 2010 caused by the 2008 recession, Laliberté stated that the project had been "put on ice"; that he might be looking for another financial partner to bankroll the company's future plans; and that he might even consider giving up another 10% of his share in the company. In 2015, TPG Capital, Fosun Industrial Holdings[11], and Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec purchased 90% of Cirque du Soleil while Laliberté retained a 10% stake in the company.[12] The sale received regulatory approval from the Government of Canada on 30 June 2015.[13][14] In February 2020, Laliberté sold his 10% ownership of the company to Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec[5] for $75 million.[15] Following a bankruptcy brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic, the company was sold to Catalyst Capital and businessman Jim Murren in November 2020.

      The company's creations have received numerous prizes and distinctions, including three Drama Desk Awards;[16][17][18] seven Primetime Emmy Awards;[19][20][21][22][23] multiple Gemini Awards;[24][25] a Daytime Emmy Award;[26] a Juno Award;[27] and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.[28] In 2000, Cirque du Soleil was awarded the National Arts Centre Award, a companion award of the Governor General's Performing Arts Awards,[29] and in 2002 was inducted into Canada's Walk of Fame.[30]

  1. ↑ Regroupement national – des arts du cirque, Circus arts in America and in Canada (PDF), Retrieved from [1], Accessed on 11 October 2013
  2. ↑ Adam Sandler, Guy Laliberte: Cirque's shining light, 2006, Variety, Retrieved from [2], Accessed on 18 August 2007.
  3. ↑ John Rockwell, The Soleil Never Sets, 2006, The New York Times, Retrieved from [3], Accessed on 21 February 2017.
  4. ↑ Tony Babinski, Cirque du Soleil: 20 years under the sun, 2004, Harry N. Abrams Inc., ISBN: 978-0-8109-4636-1.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Nicolas van Praet, Caisse boosts Cirque du Soleil stake with deal to buy out founder, 17 February 2020, The Globe and Mail, Retrieved from [4], Accessed on 2020-02-17.
  6. ↑ Dan Glaister, Spend! Spend! Spend!, 2005-01-27, The Guardian, Retrieved from [5], Accessed on 2019-12-18.
  7. ↑ Susan Bennett, Cirque Global: Quebec's Expanding Circus Boundaries, 2016, McGill–Queen's University Press, ISBN: 978-0-7735-9870-6, in Charles R. Batson and Louis Patrick Leroux (eds.), Circus and Gentrification, Montreal, pp. 85.
  8. ↑ The Guardian, Circus tycoon Guy Laliberté becomes first clown in space, 2009-09-30, The Guardian, Accessed on 2019-12-20.
  9. ↑ Istithmar and Nakheel, Istithmar and Nakheel buy 20% Cirque du Soleil stake, 2007, Emirates 24/7, Retrieved from [6], Accessed on 2019-12-24.
  10. ↑ Rachel McArthur, Cirque on the Palm by 2012, 7 March 2009, Emirates 24/7, Retrieved from [7], Accessed on 2019-12-24.
  11. ↑ Fosun International, Voluntary Announcement Investment in Cirque du Soleil, 20 April 2015, Hong Kong Stock Exchange, Retrieved from [8], Accessed on 20 November 2016.
  12. ↑ Al Jazeera English, Cirque du Soleil's second act, Retrieved from [9], Accessed on 27 April 2015.
  13. ↑ CBC News, The Canadian Press, Cirque du Soleil sale to American, Chinese private equity firms gets approval, 30 June 2015, Retrieved from [10], Accessed on 1 July 2015.
  14. ↑ Dominique Lemieux, costume designer, Dominique Lemieux, costume designer, 2018, Retrieved from [11], Accessed on 30 December 2019.
  15. ↑ Montreal Gazette, Caisse paid $75 million to Guy Laliberté for Cirque du Soleil shares, Retrieved from [12], Accessed on 18 August 2020.
  16. ↑ Rizzoli, Cirque du Soleil, 1993, Rizzoli, ISBN: 978-08-4781-793-1.
  17. ↑ Andrew Gans, David Lefkowitz, Ragtime, Beauty Queen Win Drama Desk Awards, 18 May 1998, Playbill, Retrieved from [13], Accessed on 30 December 2019.
  18. ↑ Drama Desk Awards, 2013 Winners, 2013-09-27, Drama Desk Awards, Retrieved from [14], Archived on 27 September 2013, Accessed on 2019-12-29.
  19. ↑ GalaFilm, GalaFilm News, Retrieved on 11 August 2007, Archived from [15] on 7 July 2007.
  20. ↑ Television Academy, Cirque Du Soleil: Corteo, Retrieved from [16], Accessed on 2019-12-30.
  21. ↑ Television Academy, Cirque Du Soleil's Dralion, Retrieved from [17], Accessed on 30 December 2019.
  22. ↑ Television Academy, Cirque du Soleil II: A New Experience, Retrieved from [18], Accessed on 2019-12-30.
  23. ↑ Television Academy, Cirque du Soleil, Retrieved from [19], Accessed on 2019-12-30.
  24. ↑ Equipe Spectra, The television program 'Midnight Sun' wins a Gémeaux Award, Retrieved from [20], Accessed on 2019-12-30.
  25. ↑ Playback, The 1996 Gemini winners, 11 March 1996, Playback, Retrieved from [21], Accessed on 2019-12-30.
  26. ↑ Peter Graham, Felix & Paul Studios Win Daytime Emmy For Inside the Box of Kurios, 3 May 2016, VRFocus, Retrieved from [22], Accessed on 6 January 2020.
  27. ↑ The JUNO Awards, 1996 | Best Global Recording | Cirque du Soleil, Retrieved from [23], Accessed on 2019-12-30.
  28. ↑ Dance.broadwayworld.com, Guy Laliberte Honored on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, 2010, Retrieved from [24], Accessed on 18 February 2011.
  29. ↑ Governor General's Performing Arts Awards Foundation, Cirque du Soleil biography, Retrieved from [25], Accessed on 4 February 2015.
  30. ↑ Canada's Walk of Fame, Cirque du Soleil, Retrieved from [26], Accessed on 2007-01-07
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