Korea/Hanguk/Choson/Goryeo (2333BCE-present)
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A Korea/Hanguk/Choson/Goryeo (2333BCE-present) is an East Asian peninsula state located between 33° N and 43° N latitude.
- Context:
- It can (typically) have a Korean Population (with languages including Korean and various regional dialects).
- It can (typically) be influenced by the East Asian Monsoon system.
- It can (often) maintain Traditional Korean Architecture in its palaces, temples, and other historic structures.
- It can (often) showcase Korean Culture through numerous institutions and traditions.
- It can (often) include Korean Regions spanning the Korean Peninsula and adjacent islands.
- It can (often) experience Seasonal Climate Variations between continental and maritime influences.
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- It can range from being a Unified Korean State to being a Divided Korean State, depending on its Korean political circumstances.
- It can range from being a Traditional Korean Society to being a Modern Korean Society, depending on its Korean social development.
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- It can serve as a Kingdom State with various dynastys (from 2333BCE to 1910).
- It can experience Foreign Occupation under Japanese colonial rule (1910-1945).
- It can function as Separate States with divergent political systems after Korean division (post-1945).
- It can develop Korean Technology, Korean manufacturing, Korean popular culture, and Korean innovation.
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- Example(s):
- Korea (2333BCE), legendary founding of Gojoseon by Dangun, establishing first Korean state.
- Korea (57BCE-668CE), period of Three Kingdoms (Goguryeo, Baekje, Silla) competing for peninsula control.
- Korea (668), Silla unification creating first unified Korean state.
- Korea (918), establishment of Goryeo Dynasty giving Korea its modern name.
- Korea (1392), founding of Joseon Dynasty establishing Korean Confucian state.
- Korea (1443), creation of Hangul script by King Sejong for Korean writing system.
- Korea (1592), Japanese invasions under Toyotomi Hideyoshi testing Korean military defense.
- Korea (1627), Manchu invasions influencing Korean foreign relations.
- Korea (1700s), height of Joseon culture and Korean scholarly traditions.
- Korea (1800s), period of Korean isolation earning name "Hermit Kingdom."
- Korea (1876), forced opening to outside world through unequal treaties.
- Korea (1897-1910), brief period as Korean Empire before Japanese annexation.
- Korea (1910-1945), under Japanese colonial rule experiencing forced assimilation and resistance movements.
- Korea (1945-1948), under Allied occupation leading to Korean peninsula division.
- Korea (1948), formal establishment of Republic of Korea (South) and Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North).
- Korea (1950-1953), Korean War cementing division with over 3 million casualties.
- Korea (1960s-1980s), South Korean economic development through export-oriented industrialization.
- Korea (1980s-1990s), South Korean democratization after period of military rule.
- Korea (2000), first Inter-Korean Summit between Kim Dae-jung and Kim Jong-il.
- Korea (2018), Pyeongchang Winter Olympics featuring joint Korean participation.
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- Counter-Example(s):
- Japan, an East Asian island state with different colonial history.
- China, an East Asian continental state with different scale and political continuity.
- Vietnam, a Southeast Asian state with different cultural influences despite shared Confucian heritage.
- Mongolia, an East Asian state with different geographic features and nomadic traditions.
- Taiwan, an island state with different sovereignty circumstances.
- See: Korean Culture, Government of Korea, Korean Language, Joseon Dynasty, Korean War, Korean Peninsula.