London

A London is a capital city that serves as the political, economic, and cultural center of the United Kingdom.

• Context:
  • It can host significant Historical Landmarks such as the Tower of London, Buckingham Palace, and the British Museum.
  • It can be a hub for Global Finance, home to the Bank of England and the London Stock Exchange.
  • It can be affected by Urban Challenges such as housing affordability, transportation congestion, and air pollution.
  • ...
• Example(s):
  • The London of 2024, showcasing modern developments and infrastructures like The Shard and the renewal of the East London area.
  • The London of 2000, marked by the celebration of the new millennium and the opening of the London Eye.
  • The London of 1900, during the height of the British Empire, with the opening of the first London Underground lines.
  • The London of 1800, reflecting the Industrial Revolution's impact on the city's expansion.
  • The London of 1700, a period of significant growth and the establishment of the Bank of England.
  • The London of 1600, known for its Elizabethan era, including the first performances of Shakespeare's plays.
  • The London of 1500, during the Tudor period, with the construction of notable buildings like the Hampton Court Palace.
  • The London of 1400, in the medieval period, marked by the existence of Old London Bridge.
  • The London of 1300, characterized by its medieval markets and the early establishment of the City of London governance.
  • The London of 1200, a significant time for the foundation and expansion of the Tower of London.
  • ...
• Counter-Example(s):
  • New York City.
  • Paris.
  • Tokyo.
• See: United Kingdom, River Thames, London Eye, Westminster Abbey, Summer Olympic Games, River Thames, Tower Bridge, The Shard, Southwark, Tower of London, City of London, London Eye, Nelson's Column, St Paul's, Piccadilly Circus, Canary Wharf.

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References

2024

• (Wikipedia, 2024) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London Retrieved:2024-4-11.
  • London is the capital and largest city of England, and the United Kingdom, with a population of around 8.8 million, and the largest city in Western Europe by metropolitan area, with a population of 14.8 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea and has been a major settlement for nearly two millennia. The City of London, its ancient core and financial centre, was founded by the Romans as Londinium and retains its medieval boundaries. The City of Westminster, to the west of the City of London, has for centuries hosted the national government and parliament. In the 19th century, London grew rapidly, becoming the world's largest city at the time, as it expanded and absorbed the neighbouring county of Middlesex, and parts of Surrey and Kent. In 1965 it was combined with parts of Essex and Hertfordshire to create the administrative area of Greater London, which is governed by 33 local authorities and the Greater London Authority. As one of the world's major global cities, London exerts a strong influence on world art, entertainment, fashion, commerce and finance, education, health care, media, science and technology, tourism, transport, and communications. Despite a post-Brexit exodus of stock listings from the London Stock Exchange, London is still one of Europe's most economically powerful cities, and it remains one of the major financial centres in the world. With Europe's largest concentration of higher education institutions, it is home to some of the highest-ranked academic institutions in the world—Imperial College London in natural and applied sciences, the London School of Economics in social sciences, and the comprehensive University College London. London is the most visited city in Europe and has the busiest city airport system in the world. The London Underground is the oldest rapid transit system in the world. London's diverse cultures encompass over 300 languages. The 2023 population of Greater London of just under 10 million made it Europe's third-most populous city, accounting for 13.4% of the population of the United Kingdom and over 16% of the population of England. The Greater London Built-up Area is the fourth-most populous in Europe, with about 9.8 million inhabitants at the 2011 census. The London metropolitan area is the third-most populous in Europe, with about 14 million inhabitants in 2016, granting London the status of a megacity. London has four World Heritage Sites: the Tower of London; Kew Gardens; the combined Palace of Westminster, Westminster Abbey, and St Margaret's Church; and the historic settlement in Greenwich, where the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, defines the prime meridian (0° longitude) and Greenwich Mean Time. Other landmarks include Buckingham Palace, the London Eye, Piccadilly Circus, St Paul's Cathedral, Tower Bridge, and Trafalgar Square. London has many museums, galleries, libraries, and cultural venues, including the British Museum, National Gallery, Natural History Museum, Tate Modern, British Library, and numerous West End theatres. Important sporting events held in London include the FA Cup Final, the Wimbledon Tennis Championships, and the London Marathon. In 2012, London became the first city to host three Summer Olympic Games.

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