Physical System
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A Physical System is a system that is a material construct (composed of interacting physical items governed by physical laws).
- AKA: Material System, Real-World System, Physical Construct.
- Context:
- It can typically be composed of two or more interacting Physical Components through material structures.
- It can typically follow Physical Laws through natural principles and physical constraints.
- It can typically occupy Physical Space through spatial dimensions and material presence.
- It can typically exhibit Physical Propertys through measurable characteristics.
- It can typically demonstrate Physical Behavior through component interactions.
- It can typically transform Physical Energy through energy conversion processes.
- It can typically maintain Boundary Conditions through system interfaces with the environment.
- ...
- It can often undergo Physical Processes through:
- It can experience State Changes through thermodynamic transitions.
- It can perform Work Transfer through force application.
- It can conduct Heat Exchange through thermal gradients.
- It can enable Mass Transport through material flow.
- It can execute Information Processing through physical signals.
- It can undergo Phase Transitions through critical point conditions.
- It can facilitate Chemical Reactions through molecular transformations.
- It can exhibit Field Interactions through fundamental forces.
- ...
- It can often exchange Physical Energy with its environment through:
- It can absorb Input Energy through energy capture mechanisms.
- It can release Output Energy through energy emission processes.
- It can store Potential Energy through configuration property.
- It can utilize Kinetic Energy through motion characteristics.
- It can dissipate Thermal Energy through heat release.
- It can convert Energy Types through transformation efficiency.
- It can conserve Total Energy through conservation laws.
- ...
- It can often maintain Physical States through:
- It can achieve Equilibrium States through balanced forces.
- It can sustain Steady States through continuous flow.
- It can preserve Metastable States through energy barriers.
- It can exist in Excited States through energy absorption.
- It can exhibit Ground States through minimal energy.
- It can demonstrate Coherent States through phase alignment.
- It can manifest Chaotic States through non-linear dynamics.
- ...
- It can often produce Physical System Outcomes through:
- It can generate Emergent Properties through collective behavior.
- It can create Structural Patterns through self-organization.
- It can yield Measurable Outputs through observable effects.
- It can develop Time Evolution through dynamic progression.
- It can form Spatial Distributions through position relationships.
- It can establish Functional Capabilitys through operational characteristics.
- ...
- It can range from being an Open Physical System to being a Closed Physical System, depending on its boundary conditions.
- It can range from being a Static Physical System to being a Dynamic Physical System, depending on its temporal behavior.
- It can range from being a Non-Living System to being a Living System, depending on its biological nature.
- It can range from being a Microscopic System to being a Macroscopic System, depending on its physical scale.
- It can range from being a Simple Physical System to being a Complex Physical System, depending on its component number and interaction complexity.
- It can range from being a Deterministic Physical System to being a Stochastic Physical System, depending on its predictability characteristic.
- It can range from being a Conservative Physical System to being a Dissipative Physical System, depending on its energy conservation property.
- It can range from being an Isolated Physical System to being an Interacting Physical System, depending on its environmental exchange.
- It can range from being a Homogeneous Physical System to being a Heterogeneous Physical System, depending on its compositional uniformity.
- It can range from being a Linear Physical System to being a Non-linear Physical System, depending on its response characteristic.
- It can range from being a Classical Physical System to being a Quantum Physical System, depending on its physical regime.
- It can range from being a Natural Physical System to being an Artificial Physical System, depending on its origin type.
- ...
- It can have Physical Propertys such as:
- Mass Property through gravitational interactions.
- Weight Property through gravitational interactions.
- Density Property through mass-volume relationship.
- Temperature Property through thermal state.
- Pressure Property through force distribution.
- Electrical Property through charge distribution.
- Magnetic Property through field alignment.
- Optical Property through light interaction.
- Acoustic Property through sound transmission.
- Chemical Property through atomic composition.
- Mechanical Property through deformation response.
- Spatial Dimension through physical extent.
- Temporal Duration through existence period.
- Physical System Beauty Property through aesthetic quality.
- ...
- It can be represented by a Physical System Model through:
- It can be described by a Mathematical Equation through quantitative relationships.
- It can be simulated by a Computational Model through numerical approximation.
- It can be visualized by a Graphical Representation through spatial depiction.
- It can be analyzed by a Theoretical Framework through conceptual structure.
- It can be measured by an Experimental Apparatus through empirical observation.
- It can be categorized by a Classification Scheme through systematic organization.
- ...
- It can be studied through Scientific Disciplines via:
- It can be examined in Physics via fundamental principles.
- It can be analyzed in Chemistry via molecular interactions.
- It can be investigated in Biology via living processes.
- It can be modeled in Engineering via applied science.
- It can be simulated in Computer Science via computational methods.
- It can be measured in Metrology via standardized techniques.
- It can be theorized in Philosophy of Science via conceptual frameworks.
- ...
- Examples:
- Cosmic Physical Systems, such as:
- Universal Scale Physical Systems, such as:
- Galactic Physical Systems, such as:
- Solar Physical Systems, such as:
- Planetary Physical Systems, such as:
- Geological Physical Systems, such as:
- Atmospheric Physical Systems, such as:
- Hydrological Physical Systems, such as:
- Biological Physical Systems, such as:
- Ecosystem Physical Systems, such as:
- Organism Physical Systems, such as:
- Cellular Physical Systems, such as:
- Engineered Physical Systems, such as:
- Mechanical Physical Systems, such as:
- Automobiles for transportation.
- Wheels for rotational motion.
- Structural Framework for load bearing.
- Electrical Physical Systems, such as:
- Computing Physical Systems, such as:
- Chemical Engineering Physical Systems, such as:
- Mechanical Physical Systems, such as:
- Scale-Specific Physical Systems, such as:
- Quantum Physical Systems, such as:
- Microscopic Physical Systems, such as:
- Macroscopic Physical Systems, such as:
- Theoretical Physics Physical Systems, such as:
- Idealized Physical Systems, such as:
- Thought Experiment Physical Systems, such as:
- ...
- Cosmic Physical Systems, such as:
- Counter-Examples:
- Abstract Systems, which lack physical substance and exist as conceptual constructs rather than material entities.
- Mathematical Systems, which are comprised of symbolic representations rather than physical components.
- Software Programs on computer storage, which are logical constructs implemented through information patterns rather than direct physical interactions.
- Virtual Systems, which exist in digital space rather than physical reality.
- Conceptual Frameworks, which organize ideas rather than material elements.
- Hypothetical Systems, which represent speculative structures without confirmed existence.
- Fictional Systems, which are created through imagination rather than physical construction.
- Social Systems, which operate through human relationships rather than purely physical laws.
- See: Boundary Condition, Chaos Theory, Complex System, Deterministic System, Dynamical System, Energy Conservation, Entropy, Equilibrium State, Fundamental Force, Isolated System, Laws of Thermodynamics, Mass-Energy Equivalence, Natural System, Newtonian Mechanics, Phase Space, Physical Law, Physical Structure, Physics, Quantum Mechanics, State Variable, Statistical Mechanics, System Boundary, Systems Theory.
References
2014
- (Wikipedia, 2014) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/physical_system Retrieved:2014-3-7.
- In physics, the word system has a technical meaning; namely, a physical system [1] is the portion of the physical universe chosen for analysis. [2] [3] Everything outside the system is known as the environment, which in analysis is ignored except for its effects on the system. The cut between system and the world is a free choice, generally made to simplify the analysis as much as possible. An isolated system is one which is supposed to have negligible interaction with its environment.
Often a system in this sense is chosen to correspond to the more usual meaning of system, such as a particular machine. But physical systems are often more esoteric: an atom, the water in a lake, or indeed the water in the left-hand half of a lake can all be considered as physical systems. In the study of quantum decoherence the "system" may refer to the macroscopic properties of an object (e.g. the position of a pendulum bob), while the relevant "environment" may be the internal degrees of freedom, described classically by the pendulum's thermal vibrations.
- In physics, the word system has a technical meaning; namely, a physical system [1] is the portion of the physical universe chosen for analysis. [2] [3] Everything outside the system is known as the environment, which in analysis is ignored except for its effects on the system. The cut between system and the world is a free choice, generally made to simplify the analysis as much as possible. An isolated system is one which is supposed to have negligible interaction with its environment.
- ↑ An Essay on the Investigation of the First Principles of Nature. By Felix O'Gallagher. J. Hill, at the College Printing-House, 1784.
- ↑ The Newtonian Revolution. By I. Bernard Cohen. Cambridge University Press, Apr 29, 1983.
- ↑ Papers on Mechanical and Physical Subjects: The sub-mechanics of the universe. By Osborne Reynolds, Arthur William Brightmore, William Henry Moorby. The University Press, 1903.
2009
- SUMO http://sigma.ontologyportal.org:4010/sigma/Browse.jsp?lang=EnglishLanguage&kb=SUMO&term=Process
- "Intuitively, the class of things that happen and have temporal parts or stages. Examples include extended events like a football match or a race, actions like Pursuing and Reading, and biological processes. The formal definition is: anything that lasts for a time but is not an Object. Note that a Process may have participants 'inside' it which are Objects, such as the players in a football match. In a 4D ontology, a Process is something whose spatiotemporal extent is thought of as dividing into temporal stages roughly perpendicular to the time-axis.")