Picornavirales Virus
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A Picornavirales Virus is an enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a Pseudo-T= 3 Virion Architecture.
- Example(s):
- a Picornavirus, such as Rhinoviruses.
- a Coronavirus.
- a Caliciviridae.
- …
- Counter-Example(s):
- See: Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus, Cowpea Mosaic Virus, Diethyl Ether.
References
2020
- (Wikipedia, 2020) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picornavirales Retrieved:2020-6-21.
- Picornavirales is an order of viruses with vertebrate, insect, algal or plant hosts. The name has a dual etymology. First, picorna- is an acronym for poliovirus, insensitivity to ether, coxsackievirus, orphan virus, rhinovirus, and ribonucleic acid. Secondly, pico-, meaning extremely small, combines with RNA to describe these very small RNA viruses.
2019
- https://talk.ictvonline.org/ictv-reports/ictv_online_report/positive-sense-rna-viruses/picornavirales/w/picornaviridae
- QUOTE: The Picornaviridae is a family of small, icosahedral viruses with single-stranded, highly diverse positive-sense RNA genomes. Characteristic features of all members of the family are three capsid proteins with b-barrel folding, polyprotein processing by virus-encoded cysteine proteinase(s), and replication by an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase with a YGDD sequence motif. The family comprises 47 genera containing 110 species, but many viruses are presently awaiting classification. Picornaviruses may cause subclinical infections of humans and animals or conditions ranging from mild febrile illness to severe diseases of heart, liver and the central nervous system.
2008
- (Gall et al., 2008) ⇒ Le Gall, Olivier, Peter Christian, Claude M. Fauquet, Andrew MQ King, Nick J. Knowles, Nobuhiko Nakashima, Glyn Stanway, and Alexander E. Gorbalenya. (2008). “Picornavirales, a Proposed Order of Positive-sense Single-stranded RNA Viruses with a Pseudo-T= 3 Virion Architecture.” Archives of virology 153, no. 4
- ABSTRACT: Despite the apparent natural grouping of “picorna-like” viruses, the taxonomical significance of this putative “supergroup” was never addressed adequately. We recently proposed to the ICTV that an order should be created and named Picornavirales, to include viruses infecting eukaryotes that share similar properties: (i) a positive-sense RNA genome, usually with a 5′-bound VPg and 3′-polyadenylated, (ii) genome translation into autoproteolytically processed polyprotein(s), (iii) capsid proteins organized in a module containing three related jelly-roll domains which form small icosahedral, non-enveloped particles with a pseudo-T = 3 symmetry, and (iv) a three-domain module containing a superfamily III helicase, a (cysteine) proteinase with a chymotrypsin-like fold and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. According to the above criteria, the order Picornavirales includes the families Picornaviridae, Comoviridae, Dicistroviridae, Marnaviridae, Sequiviridae and the unassigned genera Cheravirus, Iflavirus and Sadwavirus. Other taxa of “picorna-like” viruses, e.g. Potyviridae, Caliciviridae, Hypoviridae, do not conform to several of the above criteria and are more remotely related: therefore they are not being proposed as members of the new order. Newly described viruses, not yet assigned to an existing taxon by ICTV, may belong to the proposed order.