Right of Self-Determination
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A Right of Self-Determination is a social right that ...
- See: International Law, Jus Cogens, Equal Opportunity, Sovereignty, Political Status, Charter of The United Nations, Colonialism.
References
2021
- (Wikipedia, 2021) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/self-determination Retrieved:2021-7-1.
- The right of a people to self-determination is a cardinal principle in modern international law (commonly regarded as a jus cogens rule), binding, as such, on the United Nations as authoritative interpretation of the Charter's norms. [1] It states that people, based on respect for the principle of equal rights and fair equality of opportunity, have the right to freely choose their sovereignty and international political status with no interference. [2] The concept was first expressed in the 1860s, and spread rapidly thereafter. During and after World War I, the principle was encouraged by both Soviet Premier Vladimir Lenin and United States President Woodrow Wilson. Having announced his Fourteen Points on 8 January 1918, on 11 February 1918 Wilson stated: "National aspirations must be respected; people may now be dominated and governed only by their own consent. 'Self determination' is not a mere phrase; it is an imperative principle of action." During World War II, the principle was included in the Atlantic Charter, declared on 14 August 1941, by Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States, and Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, who pledged The Eight Principal points of the Charter. [3] It was recognized as an international legal right after it was explicitly listed as a right in the UN Charter. The principle does not state how the decision is to be made, nor what the outcome should be, whether it be independence, federation, protection, some form of autonomy or full assimilation. Neither does it state what the delimitation between peoples should be—nor what constitutes a people. There are conflicting definitions and legal criteria for determining which groups may legitimately claim the right to self-determination.[4] Broadly speaking, the term self-determination also refers to the free choice of one's own acts without external compulsion.
- ↑ See: United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1514 in Wikisource states
- ↑ See: Chapter I - Purposes and Principles of Charter of the United Nations
- ↑ See: Clause 3 of the Atlantic Charter reads: "Third, they respect the right of all people to choose the form of government under which they will live; and they wish to see sovereign rights and self government restored to those who have been forcibly deprived of them" then became one of the eight cardinal principal points of the Charter all people had a right to self-determination.
- ↑ Betty Miller Unterberger, "Self-Determination", Encyclopedia of American Foreign Policy, 2002.