Economic Act

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An Economic Act is an agent decision act by an economic agent that affects an economic value measure (which involves a resource allocation decision task of scarce resources).



References

2013


2009

1992

  • (Skitka * Tetlock, 1992) ⇒ Linda J. Skitka, and Philip E. Tetlock. (1992). “Allocating Scarce Resources: A contingency model of distributive justice.” In: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 28(6). doi:10.1016/0022-1031(92)90043-J
    • ABSTRACT: Two experiments tested predictions derived from a contingency model of distributive justice that identifies four interrelated categories of determinants of people's allocation decisions: (1) abstract distributive norms; (2) perceived attributes of claimants; (3) resource constraints; and (4) attributes of judges. The model posits that allocations of public resources (e.g., health care or welfare) engage in two types of appraisal: one focused on the adequacy of the resource pool, and the other on the causes of claimants' needs. When resources are inadequate, attributional analysis assumes central importance, and need and efficiency emerge as key distributive values. If claims arise from internal-controllable causes, allocators experience anger toward claimants, devalue their deservingness, and withhold resources. If claims arise from other causes, distributive norms become direct predictors of deservingness and allocation. The experiments manipulated the causes of need, the severity of need, and the likelihood of effective assistance under low and high scarcity (Study I) and no scarcity (Study II). Under scarcity, allocators were much more likely to deny aid to claimants who were responsible for their predicament. Need and efficiency emerged as joint predictors of allocating aid to claimants who were not responsible for their predicament. Politically conservative allocators withheld resources from those personally responsible for their needs regardless of both severity of need and likelihood of effective helping, even when there were sufficient resources to satisfy all claimants, whereas liberals tended to provide resources to all claimants.