Worker
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A Worker is a cognitive entity who sells their labor under an employment contract (to perform paid tasks to an employer for wage remuneration).
- AKA: Economically Active Person, Employee, Wage Earner, Labor Force Participant, Laborer, Staff Member, Personnel.
- Context:
- It can typically be a member of a Labor Force Population and a Working Household.
- It can typically contribute to Economic Production through Worker Labor Input and Worker Skill Application.
- It can typically receive Worker Compensation including Worker Base Wage, Worker Benefit Package, and Worker Performance Incentive.
- It can typically develop Worker Skill Set through Worker Training, Worker Education, and Worker Experience Accumulation.
- It can typically follow Worker Career Path through Worker Job Progression and Worker Professional Development.
- It can typically experience Worker Employment Relationship with Worker Contractual Obligations and Worker Workplace Rights.
- It can typically participate in Worker Labor Market through Worker Job Search, Worker Job Application, and Worker Employment Negotiation.
- It can typically be subject to Worker Performance Evaluation using Worker Productivity Metrics and Worker Output Assessment.
- It can typically operate under National Worker Regulations including worker employment standards, worker tax requirements, and worker social insurance schemes.
- It can typically be classified under National Worker Classification Systems for worker statistical reporting and worker policy application.
- It can typically engage in Worker Collective Action through worker strike participation, worker union organizing, and worker solidarity movements.
- It can typically utilize Worker Technology Tools including worker productivity software, worker communication platforms, and worker automation systems.
- It can typically experience Worker Economic Cycles including worker hiring surges, worker layoff periods, and worker wage fluctuations.
- It can typically participate in Worker Globalization Effects through worker offshoring impacts, worker international competition, and worker cross-border collaboration.
- It can typically be affected by Worker Demographic Trends including worker aging workforce, worker gender distribution, and worker generational differences.
- It can typically engage with Worker Health Systems through worker health insurance, worker wellness programs, and worker occupational health services.
- It can typically interact with Worker Legal Frameworks including worker contract law, worker dispute resolution, and worker regulatory compliance.
- It can typically contribute to Worker Innovation Processes through worker suggestion systems, worker improvement initiatives, and worker creative contributions.
- It can typically be impacted by Worker Economic Policys including worker minimum wage laws, worker tax policy, and worker social welfare programs.
- It can typically participate in Worker Digital Transformation through worker remote work adoption, worker digital skill development, and worker virtual collaboration.
- ...
- It can often have a Career.
- It can often join Worker Organizations such as Worker Unions, Worker Professional Associations, and Worker Networking Groups.
- It can often experience Worker Job Transition through Worker Promotion, Worker Lateral Move, or Worker Employer Change.
- It can often face Worker Employment Challenges including Worker Job Insecurity, Worker Wage Stagnation, and Worker Skill Obsolescence.
- It can often manage Worker-Life Balance between Worker Professional Responsibility and Worker Personal Commitment.
- It can often develop Worker Professional Identity through Worker Occupational Role and Worker Workplace Culture.
- It can often receive Worker Legal Protection through Worker Employment Law, Worker Safety Regulation, and Worker Discrimination Prohibition.
- It can often contribute to Worker Retirement System through Worker Pension Contribution, Worker Retirement Saving, and Worker Social Security Participation.
- It can often be subject to National Worker Standards including worker minimum wage, worker maximum hours, and worker mandatory benefits.
- It can often experience Worker Technological Displacement through worker automation threat, worker AI replacement, and worker skill redundancy.
- It can often participate in Worker Gig Economy through worker platform work, worker flexible arrangements, and worker income diversification.
- It can often be affected by Worker Climate Change Impacts through worker heat stress, worker disaster displacement, and worker green job transition.
- It can often engage in Worker Continuous Learning through worker upskilling programs, worker reskilling initiatives, and worker lifelong education.
- It can often experience Worker Mental Health Challenges including worker burnout, worker stress disorder, and worker workplace anxiety.
- It can often participate in Worker Diversity Initiatives through worker inclusion programs, worker equity measures, and worker accessibility accommodations.
- It can often be subject to Worker Surveillance Systems including worker productivity monitoring, worker location tracking, and worker communication oversight.
- ...
- It can range from being a Human Worker to being an AI Worker, depending on its worker biological nature.
- It can range from being an Autonomous Worker to being a Directed Worker, depending on its worker decision independence.
- It can range from being a Learning Worker to being a Fixed-Capability Worker, depending on its worker adaptability.
- It can range from being a Compensation-Motivated Worker to being a Function-Programmed Worker, depending on its worker operational driver.
- It can range from being a Rights-Protected Worker to being a Property-Status Worker, depending on its worker legal classification.
- It can range from being a Physically-Present Worker to being a Virtually-Present Worker, depending on its worker embodiment nature.
- It can range from being a High-Skill Worker to being a Low-Skill Worker, depending on its worker capability level.
- It can range from being an Individual Contributor Worker to being a Worker Manager, depending on its worker organizational role.
- It can range from being a Service-Focused Worker to being a Production-Focused Worker, depending on its worker primary function.
- It can range from being a Full-Time Worker to being a Part-Time Worker, depending on its worker time allocation.
- It can range from being a Permanent Worker to being a Temporary Worker, depending on its worker operational duration.
- It can range from being an Onsite Worker to being a Remote Worker, depending on its worker operational location.
- It can range from being a Manual Worker to being a Knowledge Worker, depending on its worker task nature.
- It can range from being a Public Sector Worker to being a Private Sector Worker, depending on its worker organizational context.
- It can range from being a Nationally-Regulated Worker to being an Internationally-Mobile Worker, depending on its worker jurisdictional scope.
- It can range from being a Unionized Worker to being a Non-Unionized Worker, depending on its worker collective representation.
- It can range from being a Formal Economy Worker to being an Informal Economy Worker, depending on its worker regulatory status.
- It can range from being a Single-Employer Worker to being a Multi-Employer Worker, depending on its worker employment arrangement.
- It can range from being a Specialized Worker to being a Generalist Worker, depending on its worker capability scope.
- It can range from being a Front-Line Worker to being a Back-Office Worker, depending on its worker customer interaction.
- It can range from being a Essential Worker to being a Non-Essential Worker, depending on its worker societal criticality.
- It can range from being a Documented Worker to being an Undocumented Worker, depending on its worker legal authorization.
- It can range from being a Salaried Worker to being an Hourly Worker, depending on its worker compensation structure.
- It can range from being a Exempt Worker to being a Non-Exempt Worker, depending on its worker overtime eligibility.
- It can range from being a Probationary Worker to being a Tenured Worker, depending on its worker employment security.
- ...
- Examples:
- National Worker Classifications, such as:
- US Workers, such as:
- US W-2 Employees with US federal tax withholding and US employer-provided benefits.
- US 1099 Contractors with US self-employment tax and US independent contractor status.
- US H-1B Workers with US temporary work visa and US specialty occupation requirements.
- US Union Workers under US National Labor Relations Act and US collective bargaining agreements.
- US Federal Workers under US civil service system and US federal employment regulations.
- US Gig Economy Workers on US platform economy with US variable income streams.
- US Agricultural Workers under US H-2A visa program and US farm labor contractor system.
- US Healthcare Workers under US HIPAA regulations and US medical licensing requirements.
- US Financial Services Workers under US FINRA regulations and US securities licensing.
- EU Workers, such as:
- German Workers under German Mitbestimmung and German social insurance system.
- French Workers under French 35-hour workweek and French labor code.
- UK Workers under UK employment rights and UK national insurance system.
- EU Posted Workers under EU Posted Workers Directive and EU freedom of movement.
- Netherlands Workers under Dutch polder model and Dutch flexible work arrangements.
- Swedish Workers under Swedish collective agreement system and Swedish parental leave policy.
- Italian Workers under Italian Workers' Statute and Italian article 18 protection.
- Spanish Workers under Spanish labor reforms and Spanish temporary contract regulations.
- Polish Workers under Polish labor code and Polish civil law contracts.
- Asian Workers, such as:
- Japanese Regular Workers with Japanese lifetime employment and Japanese seniority system.
- Chinese State-Owned Enterprise Workers under Chinese hukou system and Chinese social insurance.
- Indian IT Workers under Indian Shops and Establishments Act and Indian provident fund.
- Singapore Foreign Workers under Singapore work permit system and Singapore foreign worker levy.
- South Korean Workers under Korean chaebol employment and Korean labor standard act.
- Philippines Overseas Workers under Philippines overseas employment program and Philippines remittance system.
- Vietnamese Workers under Vietnamese labor code and Vietnamese trade union system.
- Indonesian Workers under Indonesian manpower law and Indonesian social security system.
- Thai Workers under Thai labor protection act and Thai social security system.
- Latin American Workers, such as:
- Mexican Formal Sector Workers under Mexican Federal Labor Law and Mexican social security system.
- Brazilian CLT Workers under Brazilian Consolidation of Labor Laws and Brazilian FGTS system.
- Argentine Workers under Argentine labor contract law and Argentine union system.
- Chilean Workers under Chilean labor code and Chilean pension system.
- Colombian Workers under Colombian substantive labor code and Colombian social security system.
- African Workers, such as:
- South African Workers under South African labor relations act and South African BEE requirements.
- Nigerian Workers under Nigerian labor act and Nigerian pension reform.
- Egyptian Workers under Egyptian labor law and Egyptian social insurance system.
- Kenyan Workers under Kenyan employment act and Kenyan NSSF system.
- Middle Eastern Workers, such as:
- UAE Workers under UAE labor law and UAE emiratization policy.
- Saudi Workers under Saudi labor law and Saudi nitaqat system.
- Israeli Workers under Israeli labor law and Israeli histadrut system.
- Turkish Workers under Turkish labor law and Turkish social security institution.
- Oceanian Workers, such as:
- US Workers, such as:
- Industry-Specific Workers, such as:
- Healthcare Industry Workers, such as:
- Hospital Workers including physicians, nurses, and medical technicians.
- Pharmaceutical Workers including research scientists, quality control analysts, and regulatory affairs specialists.
- Mental Health Workers including therapists, counselors, and psychiatric nurses.
- Technology Industry Workers, such as:
- Software Development Workers including frontend developers, backend developers, and full-stack developers.
- Data Workers including data scientists, data engineers, and data analysts.
- Cybersecurity Workers including security analysts, penetration testers, and security architects.
- AI/ML Workers including ML engineers, AI researchers, and MLOps engineers.
- Financial Services Workers, such as:
- Banking Workers including loan officers, tellers, and branch managers.
- Investment Workers including portfolio managers, traders, and research analysts.
- Insurance Workers including underwriters, actuarys, and claims adjusters.
- Manufacturing Workers, such as:
- Automotive Workers including assembly line workers, quality inspectors, and production supervisors.
- Electronics Workers including circuit assemblers, test technicians, and process engineers.
- Food Processing Workers including production operators, quality assurance specialists, and packaging technicians.
- Education Workers, such as:
- K-12 Workers including teachers, principals, and school counselors.
- Higher Education Workers including professors, lecturers, and research assistants.
- EdTech Workers including instructional designers, online tutors, and curriculum developers.
- Retail and E-commerce Workers, such as:
- Store Workers including cashiers, sales associates, and store managers.
- E-commerce Workers including fulfillment workers, customer service representatives, and digital merchandisers.
- Supply Chain Workers including warehouse workers, logistics coordinators, and inventory analysts.
- Healthcare Industry Workers, such as:
- Employment Type Workers, such as:
- Traditional Employment Workers, such as:
- Alternative Employment Workers, such as:
- Platform Workers on digital labor platforms with algorithmic management.
- Freelance Workers with project-based contracts and freelance rate negotiation.
- Cooperative Workers in worker cooperatives with democratic workplace governance.
- Social Enterprise Workers with social impact mission and hybrid compensation models.
- Emerging Worker Categorys, such as:
- Digital Nomad Workers with location-independent work and international tax complexity.
- Creator Economy Workers with content monetization and platform dependency.
- Green Economy Workers in renewable energy sectors and sustainability initiatives.
- Care Economy Workers in aging society response and care infrastructure development.
- Space Economy Workers in commercial space industry and orbital manufacturing.
- ...
- National Worker Classifications, such as:
- Counter-Examples:
- Volunteer, who works without wage compensation.
- Economically Inactive Person, such as a Retired Person, Student, or Unpaid Caregiver.
- Business Owner, who operates their own enterprise rather than selling labor to employer.
- Independent Entrepreneur, who assumes business risk rather than receiving guaranteed wage.
- Investor, who receives investment return rather than labor compensation.
- Hobbyist, who performs activity for personal enjoyment rather than economic necessity.
- Unpaid Intern, who exchanges labor for experience rather than monetary compensation.
- Automated System, which performs task execution without human cognition.
- Self-Sufficient Individual, who produces for personal consumption rather than market exchange.
- See: Labor Force, Employment, Work Contract, National Labor Law, International Labour Organization, Worker Classification, Employee Benefits, Occupational Health and Safety, Workforce Management, Labor Economics, Industrial Relations, Human Resource Management, Future of Work, Labor History, Worker Rights Movement, Employment Policy, Social Security System, Vocational Training, Career Development.
References
2025-05-05
2015
- http://www.techrepublic.com/article/not-everyone-needs-to-learn-to-code/
- QUOTE: ... I'd argue that I learned just as much from woodshop and programming, two areas that stimulated my interest in problem solving and critical thinking, as I did from those years of calculus -- time that probably would have made me a more effective worker and citizen had they been applied to history, literature, or another discipline.
2013
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wage_labour
- Wage labour (or wage labor in American English) is the socioeconomic relationship between a worker and an employer, where the worker sells their labour under a formal or informal employment contract.[1] These transactions usually occur in a labour market where wages are market determined.[2] In exchange for the wages paid, the work product generally becomes the undifferentiated property of the employer, except for special cases such as the vesting of intellectual property patents in the United States where patent rights are usually vested in the original personal inventor. A wage labourer is a person whose primary means of income is from the selling of his or her labour in this way.
In modern mixed economies such as those of the OECD countries, it is currently the dominant form of work arrangement. Although most work occurs following this structure, the wage work arrangements of CEOs, professional employees, and professional contract workers are sometimes conflated with class assignments, so that "wage labour" is considered to apply only to unskilled, semi-skilled or manual labour.
- Wage labour (or wage labor in American English) is the socioeconomic relationship between a worker and an employer, where the worker sells their labour under a formal or informal employment contract.[1] These transactions usually occur in a labour market where wages are market determined.[2] In exchange for the wages paid, the work product generally becomes the undifferentiated property of the employer, except for special cases such as the vesting of intellectual property patents in the United States where patent rights are usually vested in the original personal inventor. A wage labourer is a person whose primary means of income is from the selling of his or her labour in this way.
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wage_labour#Types
- The most common form of wage labour currently is ordinary direct, or "full-time", employment in which a free worker sells his or her labour for an indeterminate time (from a few years to the entire career of the worker), in return for a money-wage or salary and a continuing relationship with the employer which it does not in general offer contractors or other irregular staff. However, wage labour takes many other forms, and explicit as opposed to implicit (i.e. conditioned by local labour and tax law) contracts are not uncommon. Economic history shows a great variety of ways in which labour is traded and exchanged. The differences show up in the form of:
- employment status: a worker could be employed full-time, part-time, or on a casual basis. He or she could be employed for example temporarily for a specific project only, or on a permanent basis. Part-time wage labour could combine with part-time self-employment. The worker could be employed also as an apprentice.
- civil (legal) status: the worker could for example be a free citizen, an indentured labourer, the subject of forced labour (including some prison or army labour); a worker could be assigned by the political authorities to a task, they could be a semi-slave or a serf bound to the land who is hired out part of the time. So the labour might be performed on a more or less voluntary basis, or on a more or less involuntary basis, in which there are many gradations.
- method of payment (remuneration or compensation). The work done could be paid "in cash" (a money-wage) or "in kind" (through receiving goods and/or services), or in the form of “piece rates” where the wage is directly dependent on how much the worker produces. In some cases, the worker might be paid in the form of credit used to buy goods and services, or in the form of stock options or shares in an enterprise.
- method of hiring: the worker might engage in a labour-contract on his or her own initiative, or he or she might hire out their labour as part of a group. But he or she may also hire out their labour via an intermediary (such as an employment agency) to a third party. In this case, he or she is paid by the intermediary, but works for a third party which pays the intermediary. In some cases, labour is subcontracted several times, with several intermediaries. Another possibility is that the worker is assigned or posted to a job by a political authority, or that an agency hires out a worker to an enterprise together with means of production.
- The most common form of wage labour currently is ordinary direct, or "full-time", employment in which a free worker sells his or her labour for an indeterminate time (from a few years to the entire career of the worker), in return for a money-wage or salary and a continuing relationship with the employer which it does not in general offer contractors or other irregular staff. However, wage labour takes many other forms, and explicit as opposed to implicit (i.e. conditioned by local labour and tax law) contracts are not uncommon. Economic history shows a great variety of ways in which labour is traded and exchanged. The differences show up in the form of:
- ↑ Template:Harvnb: "All labor contracts were/are designed legally to bind a worker in one way or another to fulfill the labor obligations the worker has undertaken. That is one of the principal purposes of labor contracts."
- ↑ Template:Harvnb.
Template:Harvnb, defines wage labour succinctly as "the labour of the worker who sells his own labour-power."
2012
- http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Glossary:Employee
- An employee is a person who has a contract to carry out work for an employer and receives compensation in the form of wages, salaries, fees, gratuities, piecework pay or remuneration in kind. Specific statistical domains use a more precise definition:
- employee in Labour force survey (LFS) (surveyed from households)
- employee in structural business statistics (SBS) (surveyed from enterprises)
- An employee is a person who has a contract to carry out work for an employer and receives compensation in the form of wages, salaries, fees, gratuities, piecework pay or remuneration in kind. Specific statistical domains use a more precise definition:
2002
- http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=730
- QUOTE:Economically active population comprises all persons of either sex who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods and services as defined by the United Nations System of National Accounts during a specified time-reference period.
The SNA (paras. 6.18 and 6.22) and Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing Censuses, Revision 1, United Nations, 1998, Series M, No. 67, Rev. 1., define the economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active") comprising all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods and services (employed and unemployed, including those seeking work for the first time), as defined by the System of National Accounts (SNA), during a specified time reference period. The economically active population may be related to the total population for the derivation of the crude participation rate, or, more appropriately, to the population above the age prescribed for the measurement of the economically active population. Production includes all individual or collective goods or services that are supplied to units other than their producers, or intended to be so supplied, including the production of goods or services used up in the process of producing such goods or services; the own-account production of all goods that are retained by their producers for their own final consumption or gross capital formation; the own-account production of housing services by owner-occupiers and of domestic and personal services produced by employing paid domestic staff. Not economically active population comprises the balance of the population.
- QUOTE:Economically active population comprises all persons of either sex who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods and services as defined by the United Nations System of National Accounts during a specified time-reference period.
1998
- http://www.statssa.gov.za/census01/census96/html/metadata/Docs/Dfntns.html
- Defining terms and concepts is a controversial process. What appear, on the face of it, to be simple distinctions between, for example, urban and non-urban areas, or between employment and unemployment, can be the subject of hotly-contested debates. The definition attached to a household, or an economically-active person, can dramatically influence the manner in which the results of a census are reported and analysed.
1997
- George Carlin.
- QUOTE: Most people work just hard enough not to get fired and get paid just enough money not to quit.