Java Programming Language: Difference between revisions

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A [[Java Programming Language]] is a [[statically-typed]] [[object-oriented programming language]].
A [[Java Programming Language]] is a [[statically-typed]] [[class-based programming language|class-based]], [[object-oriented programming language]].
* <B>Context</U>:</B>
* <B>Context</U>:</B>
** It can define legal [[Java Statement]]s.
** It can (typically) define legal [[Java Statement]]s.
** It can be used to create [[Java Code]], such as a [[Java program]] or [[Java class library]].
** It can (typically) be used to create [[Java Code]] (that can be represented as a [[Java AST]]), such as a [[Java program]] or [[Java class library]].
** It is not a pure [[OO language]] in that it distinguishes primitive types (such as [[Java boolean type]] and [[Java int type]]) from [[Java reference type]]s, and does not enable one to manipulate [[Java function]]s as [[program value]]s.
** It can (typically) have few [[Code Dependenci]]es.
** It can be a non-pure [[OO language]] in that it distinguishes primitive types (such as [[Java boolean type]] and [[Java int type]]) from [[Java reference type]]s, and does not enable one to manipulate [[Java function]]s as [[program value]]s.
** …
* <B>Example(s):</B>
* <B>Example(s):</B>
** [[Java 1]]? (1996-01-23).
** [[Java 7]], 2011.
** [[Java 7]], 2011.
** [[Java 8]], 2014.
** [[Java 8]], 2014.
** …
** [[Java 15]] (~2020-09-15) [https://openjdk.java.net/projects/jdk/15/].
** …
* <B>Counter-Example(s):</B>
* <B>Counter-Example(s):</B>
** a [[C++ Programming Language]]
** a [[C++ Programming Language]].
** a [[C# Programming Language]]
** a [[C# Programming Language]].
** a [[JavaScript Programming Language]].
** a [[Java-Script Programming Language]].
** a [[Scala Programming Language]].
** a [[Scala Programming Language]].
* <B>See:</B> [[Concurrent Computing]], [[Object-Oriented Programming]], [[Write Once, Run Anywhere]], [[Java Bytecode]], [[Java Virtual Machine]].
* <B>See:</B> [[Concurrent Computing]], [[Object-Oriented Programming]], [[Write Once, Run Anywhere]], [[Java Bytecode]], [[Java Virtual Machine]].
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==References==
 
== References ==
 
=== 2021 ===
* (Wikipedia, 2021) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(programming_language) Retrieved:2021-2-22.
** '''Java''' is a [[class-based programming|class-based]], [[object-oriented programming|object-oriented]] [[programming language]] that is designed to have as few implementation [[Dependency (computer science)|dependencies]] as possible. It is a [[general-purpose language|general-purpose]] programming language intended to let [[application developer]]s ''write once, run anywhere'' (WORA),  meaning that [[compiler|compiled]] Java code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need for recompilation. Java applications are typically compiled to [[Java bytecode|bytecode]] that can run on any [[Java virtual machine]] (JVM) regardless of the underlying [[computer architecture]]. The [[syntax (programming languages)|syntax]] of [[Java (software platform)|Java]] is similar to [[C (programming language)|C]] and [[C++]], but has fewer [[low-level programming language|low-level]] facilities than either of them. The Java runtime provides dynamic capabilities (such as reflection and runtime code modification) that are typically not available in traditional compiled languages. , Java was one of the most [[Measuring programming language popularity|popular programming languages in use]] according to [[GitHub]],  particularly for [[client–server|client-server]] [[web application]]s, with a reported 9 million developers. <ref> [https://www.imarslan.com/javaone-2013-review-java-takes-on-the-internet-of-things Alt URL] </ref> Java was originally developed by [[James Gosling]] at [[Sun Microsystem]]s ([[Sun acquisition by Oracle|which has since been acquired by Oracle]]) and released in 1995 as a core component of Sun Microsystems' [[Java (software platform)|Java platform]]. The original and [[reference implementation]] Java [[compiler]]s, virtual machines, and [[library (computing)|class libraries]] were originally released by Sun under [[proprietary license]]s. As of May 2007, in compliance with the specifications of the [[Java Community Process]], Sun had [[Software relicensing|relicensed]] most of its Java technologies under the [[GNU General Public License]]. Oracle offers its own [[HotSpot (virtual machine)|HotSpot]] Java Virtual Machine, however the official [[reference implementation]] is the [[OpenJDK]] JVM which is free open source software and used by most developers and is the default JVM for almost all Linux distributions. , the latest version is [[Java version history|Java&nbsp;15]], with Java 11, a currently supported [[long-term support]] (LTS) version, released on September 25, 2018. [[Oracle Corporation|Oracle]] released the last zero-cost public update for the [[legacy system|legacy]] version [[Java 8|Java 8]] LTS in January 2019 for commercial use, although it will otherwise still support Java&nbsp;8 with public updates for personal use indefinitely. Other vendors have begun to offer [[OpenJDK#OpenJDK_builds|zero-cost builds]] of OpenJDK 8 and 11 that are still receiving security and other upgrades. Oracle (and others) highly recommend uninstalling outdated versions of Java because of serious risks due to unresolved security issues.  Since Java 9, 10, 12, 13, and 14 are no longer supported, Oracle advises its users to immediately transition to the latest version (currently Java 15) or an LTS release.
<references/>


=== 2013 ===
=== 2013 ===
* (Wikipedia, 2013) &rArr; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(programming_language) Retrieved:2013-12-12.
* (Wikipedia, 2013) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(programming_language) Retrieved:2013-12-12.
** '''Java</B> is a [[computer programming language]] that is [[concurrent computing|concurrent]], [[class-based]], [[Object-oriented programming|object-oriented]], and specifically designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. It is intended to let [[application developer]]s "[[write once, run anywhere]]" (WORA), meaning that code that runs on one platform does not need to be recompiled to run on another. Java applications are typically [[compiler|compiled]] to [[Java bytecode|bytecode]] ([[class (file format)|class file]]) that can run on any [[Java virtual machine]] (JVM) regardless of [[computer architecture]]. Java is, as of 2012, one of the most popular programming languages in use, particularly for client-server web applications, with a reported 9 million developers.  Java was originally developed by [[James Gosling]] at [[Sun Microsystem]]s (which has since [[Sun acquisition by Oracle|merged into Oracle Corporation]]) and released in 1995 as a core component of Sun Microsystems' [[Java (software platform)|Java platform]]. The language derives much of its [[syntax (programming languages)|syntax]] from [[C (programming language)|C]] and [[C++]], but it has fewer [[low-level programming language|low-level]] facilities than either of them. <P> The original and [[reference implementation (computing)|reference implementation]] Java [[compiler]]s, virtual machines, and [[library (computing)|class libraries]] were developed by Sun from 1991 and first released in 1995. As of May 2007, in compliance with the specifications of the [[Java Community Process]], Sun relicensed most of its Java technologies under the [[GNU General Public License]]. Others have also developed alternative implementations of these Sun technologies, such as the [[GNU Compiler for Java]] (bytecode compiler), [[GNU Classpath]] (standard libraries), and [[IcedTea]]-Web (browser plugin for applets).
** '''Java</B> is a [[computer programming language]] that is [[concurrent computing|concurrent]], [[class-based]], [[Object-oriented programming|object-oriented]], and specifically designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible.
<references/>
<references/>


=== 1996===
=== 1996 ===
* ([[1996_TheJavaLanguageSpecification|Gosling et al., 1996]]) &rArr; [[James Gosling]], [[Bill Joy]], and [[Guy L. Steele]]. ([[1996]]). “The Java Language Specification, 1st Edition" In: Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc.. ISBN: 0201634511.  
* ([[1996_TheJavaLanguageSpecification|Gosling et al., 1996]]) [[James Gosling]], [[Bill Joy]], and [[Guy L. Steele]]. ([[1996]]). “The Java Language Specification, 1st Edition" In: Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc.. ISBN: 0201634511.


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Latest revision as of 21:14, 9 May 2024

A Java Programming Language is a statically-typed class-based, object-oriented programming language.



References

2021

2013


1996