# Measure Function

(Redirected from measurement)

## References

### 2013

1. Strichartz, Robert (2000). The Way of Analysis. Jones and Bartlett. ISBN 0-7637-1497-6.

### 2011

• (Wikipedia, 2011-Jun-19) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measure_(mathematics)
• In the mathematical branch measure theory, a measure on a set is a systematic way to assign to each suitable subset a number, intuitively interpreted as the size of the subset. In this sense, a measure is a generalization of the concepts of length, area, volume. A particularly important example is the Lebesgue measure on an Euclidean space, which assigns the conventional length, area and volume of Euclidean geometry to suitable subsets of an n-dimensional Euclidean space Rn, n = 1, 2, 3, .... For instance, the Lebesgue measure of the interval [0, 1] in the real numbers is its length in the everyday sense of the word, specifically 1.
• Let Σ be a σ-algebra over a set X. A function μ from Σ to the extended real number line is called a measure if it satisfies the following properties:
• Non-negativity: $\mu(E)\geq 0$ for all $E\in\Sigma.$
• Countable additivity (or σ-additivity): For all countable collections $\{E_i\}_{i\in I}$ of pairwise disjoint sets in Σ: $\mu\Bigl(\bigcup_{i \in I} E_i\Bigr) = \sum_{i \in I} \mu(E_i).$
• Null empty set: $\mu(\varnothing)=0.$
• Requiring the empty set to have measure zero can be viewed a special case of countable additivity, if one regards the union over an empty collection to be the empty set $\bigcup_{\varnothing}=\varnothing$ and the sum over an empty collection to be zero $\sum_{\varnothing} = 0$.

### 2007

• http://www.isi.edu/~hobbs/bgt-arithmetic.text
• 3. Measures and Proportions. Sets of rational numbers, and hence sets of nonnegative integers, are very important examples of scales. We will focus on sets in which 0 is the smallest element. If e is the "lt" relation between x and y and s1 is a set of numbers containing 0 but no smaller number, then there is a nonnegative numeric scale s with s1 as its set and e as its partial ordering. … Suppose we have two points x and y on a scale s1 which has a measure. Then the proportion of x to y is the fraction whose numerator and denominator are the numbers the measure maps x and y into, respectively. … In more conventional notation, if m is a measure function mapping s1 into a nonnegative numeric scale, then the proportion f of x to y is given by "f = m(x)/m(y)". … Thus, we can talk about the proportion of one point on a numeric scale to another, via the identity measure.