Migraine
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A Migraine is a Primary Headache Disorder that manifest as recurrent headaches that are moderate headache to severe headache.
- Context:
- It can range from being an Episodic Migraine (EM) or Chronic Migraine (CM), with or without migraine aura.
- It can be assessed by a Migraine Assessment, such as a Migraine Physical Function Impact Diary (MPFID).
- …
- Example(s):
- Counter-Example(s):
- See: Headaches, Nausea, Photophobia, Hyperacusis, International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD), Neurological Disorder.
References
2022a
- (Wikipedia, 2022) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/migraine Retrieved:2022-2-2.
- A migraine is a primary headache disorder characterized by recurrent headaches that are moderate to severe.[1] Typically, episodes affect one side of the head, are pulsating in nature, and last from a few hours to three days. Associated symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light, sound, or smell.[2] The pain is generally made worse by physical activity, although regular exercise may have prophylactic effects. Up to one-third of people affected have aura: typically a short period of visual disturbance that signals that the headache will soon occur. Occasionally, aura can occur with little or no headache following, but not everyone has this symptom. Migraine is believed to be due to a mixture of environmental and genetic factors. About two-thirds of cases run in families. Changing hormone levels may also play a role, as migraine affects slightly more boys than girls before puberty and two to three times more women than men. The risk of migraine usually decreases during pregnancy and after menopause. The underlying mechanisms are not fully known. They are, however, believed to involve the nerves and blood vessels of the brain. Initial recommended treatment is with simple pain medication such as ibuprofen and paracetamol (acetaminophen) for the headache, medication for the nausea, and the avoidance of triggers. Specific medications such as triptans or ergotamines may be used in those for whom simple pain medications are not effective.Caffeine in combination with other analgesics is safe and effective in treatment of acute migraine. A number of medications are useful to prevent attacks including metoprolol, valproate, and topiramate. Globally, approximately 15% of people are affected by migraine. In the Global Burden of Disease Study of 2010, it was ranked as the third most prevalent disorder in the world. It most often starts at puberty and is worst during middle age. As of 2016, it is one of the most common causes of disability. An early description consistent with migraines is contained in the Ebers papyrus, written around 1500 BC in ancient Egypt. The word migraine is from the Greek ἡμικρᾱνίᾱ (hēmikrāníā), 'pain in half of the head', from ἡμι- (hēmi-), 'half' and κρᾱνίον (krāníon), 'skull'.
- ↑ "Headache disorders Fact sheet N°277". October 2012. Archived from the original on 16 February 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
- ↑ Simon RP, Aminoff MJ, Greenberg DA (2009). Clinical neurology (7 ed.). New York, N.Y: Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill. pp. 85–88. ISBN 9780071664332.
2022b
- (Wikipedia, 2022) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICHD_classification_and_diagnosis_of_migraine#Organization_of_migraine_subtypes Retrieved:2022-2-19.
- The ICHD-3 beta classification includes 6 main subtypes of migraine (ICHD-1: 7 main subtypes, ICHD-2: 6 main subtypes), most of which are further subdivided. Overall ICHD-3 beta distinguishes 29 migraine subtypes. The following table outlines the main subtypes and their ICHD-1, -2, -3 beta and ICD-10 codes.
ICHD-3 beta[1] ICHD-2[2] ICHD-1[3] ICD-10[2][4] ICHD-2 Diagnosis[2] 1.1 1.1 1.1 G43.0 Migraine without aura 1.2 1.2 1.2 G43.1 Migraine with aura 1.3 1.5.1 n/a G43.3 Chronic migraine 1.4 1.5 1.6 G43.3 Complications of migraine 1.5 1.6 1.7 G43.83 Probable migraine 1.6 1.3 1.5 G43.82 Episodic syndromes that may be associated with migraine
- ↑ Website The International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition (Beta version). Retrieved 29. August 2016.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Headache Classification Subcommittee of the International Headache Society (2004). "The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd Edition". Cephalalgia (Oxford, England, UK: Blackwell Publishing) 24 (Supplement 1). ISSN 0333-1024. Archived from the original on 31 March 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20100331095113/http://www.i-h-s.org/upload/ct_clas/ihc_II_main_no_print.pdf. Retrieved 4 September 2009.
- ↑ "ICHD-1". International Headache Society. 1988. http://216.25.88.43/upload/CT_Clas/ICHD-I.pdf. Retrieved 4 September 2009.
- ↑ "G43". International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision Version for 2007. World Health Organization & the German Institute of Medical Documentation and Information. 2007. http://apps.who.int/classifications/apps/icd/icd10online/. Retrieved 4 September 2009.
2020
- (Evidera, 2020) ⇒ https://www.evidera.com/migraine-physical-function-impact-diary-mpfid/
- QUOTE: The Migraine Physical Function Impact Diary (MPFID) is a 13-item self-report questionnaire, developed to measure the subjective impact of migraine on physical functioning (everyday activities and physical impairment) in the past 24 hours. It is intended for use in adults (age 18 or older) with episodic migraine (EM) or chronic migraine (CM), with or without aura. The diary was developed using methods consistent with the regulatory guidance on patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures to support label claims about the benefit of treatments.
The MPFID was designed to be completed every day to capture the day-to-day variability of the impact of migraine, on migraine and non-migraine days.
The MPFID was conceptually designed to capture both ‘acts’ and ‘tasks’ associated with the impact of migraine on functioning. The MPFID includes multiple domains to assess the impact of migraine on physical functioning:
- QUOTE: The Migraine Physical Function Impact Diary (MPFID) is a 13-item self-report questionnaire, developed to measure the subjective impact of migraine on physical functioning (everyday activities and physical impairment) in the past 24 hours. It is intended for use in adults (age 18 or older) with episodic migraine (EM) or chronic migraine (CM), with or without aura. The diary was developed using methods consistent with the regulatory guidance on patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures to support label claims about the benefit of treatments.