2009 OnDesigningControlNatLangForSemAnnot

Subject Headings: Semantic Annotation Task, Controlled Natural Language.

Notes

a different version was subsequently published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14418-9_12

Richly interlinked, machine-understandable data constitute the basis for the Semantic Web and by extension the Social Semantic Desktop [2]. Manual semantic annotation is a complex and arduous task both time-consuming and costly often requiring specialist annotators. (Semi)-automatic annotation tools attempt to ease this process by detecting instances of classes within text and relationships between classes, however their usage often requires knowledge of Natural Language Processing(NLP) and/or formal ontological descriptions. This challenges researchers to develop user-friendly annotation environments within the knowledge acquisition process. Controlled Natural Languages (CNL)s offer an incentive to the novice user to annotate, while simultaneously authoring, his/her respective documents in a user-friendly manner, yet shielding him/her from the underlying complex knowledge representation formalisms. CNLs have already been successfully applied within the context of ontology authoring, yet very little research has focused on CNLs for semantic annotation. We describe a user friendly semantic annotator, based on Controlled Language for Information Extraction (CLIE) tools, which permits non-expert users to semi-automatically both author and annotate meeting minutes and status reports using controlled natural language.

1. Brian Davis, Ahmad Ali Iqbal, Adam Funk, Valentin Tablan, Kalina Bontcheva, Hamish Cunningham, and Siegfried Handschuh. (2008). “Roundtrip Ontology Authoring.” In: Amit P. Sheth, Ste en Staab, Mike Dean, Massimo Paolucci, Diana Maynard, Timothy W. Finin, and Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan, editors, International Semantic Web Conference, volume 5318 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 50{65. Springer, 2008.
2. (Decker, 2006) ⇒ Stefan Decker. (2006). “The Social Semantic Desktop: Next generation collaboration infrastructure.” In: Information Services and Use, 26(2).
3. Siegfried Handschuh. Creating Ontology-based Metadata by Annotation for the Semantic Web. PhD thesis, 2005.
4. P. R. Smart. Controlled natural languages and the semantic web. Technical report, School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, 2008,(Unpublished).

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	Author	volume	Date Value	title	type	journal	titleUrl	doi	note	year
2009 OnDesigningControlNatLangForSemAnnot	Hamish Cunningham Brian Davis Pradeep Varma Siegfried Handschuh Laura Dragan			On designing Controlled Natural Languages for Semantic Annotation			http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-448/paper19.pdf