2014 InterlocutorPersonalityPercepti
- (Su et al., 2014) ⇒ Ming-Hsiang Su, Yu-Ting Zheng, and Chung-Hsien Wu. (2014). “Interlocutor Personality Perception based on BFI Profiles and Coupled HMMs in a Dyadic Conversation.” In: Chinese Spoken Language Processing (ISCSLP), 2014 9th International Symposium on.
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Author Keywords
Interactive alignment; Interpersonal synergies; Communication; Decision-making; Distributed cognition; Social cognition; Pragmatics; Dynamical systems.
Abstract
This study investigates interpersonal processes underlying dialog by comparing two approaches, interactive alignment and interpersonal synergy, and assesses how they predict collective performance in a joint task. While the interactive alignment approach highlights imitative patterns between interlocutors, the synergy approach points to structural organization at the level of the interaction - such as complementary patterns straddling speech turns and interlocutors. We develop a general, quantitative method to assess lexical, prosodic, and speech / pause patterns related to the two approaches and their impact on collective performance in a corpus of task-oriented conversations. The results show statistical presence of patterns relevant for both approaches. However, synergetic aspects of dialog provide the best statistical predictors of collective performance and adding aspects of the alignment approach does not improve the model. This suggests that structural organization at the level of the interaction plays a crucial role in task-oriented conversations, possibly constraining and integrating processes related to alignment.
1. Introduction
As the most fundamental and widespread form of language use, dialog has a pervasive and all-encompassing impact on everyday life. Through conversations we develop and maintain social relations and cultural practices, we plan and coordinate with each other, we share experiences, memories, and attitudes, we educate and learn (Clark, 1996; Tyleen, 2010). Yet dialog has been a challenge to psycholinguistics, which has traditionally focused on linguistic processing of individuals. As an inherently coordinative social activity, dialog does not fit classical assumptions of individual linguistic processing: In dialog, it is often impossible to unambiguously assign roles of speaker and listener — who produces and who receives — as they tend to overlap and mix (Clark & Schaefer, 1989). Well-formed sentences are rather the exception than the rule. In fact, when transcribed, dialogical utterances often appear elliptic to the extent of becoming ungrammatical (Clark, 1996; Linell, 1998, 2005). In dialog the structural organization straddles not only speech turns but also interlocutors, and it is not uncommon that one interlocutor completes sentences initiated by the other.
To tackle these challenges, diverse interpersonal perspectives on dialog have recently emerged. Although a general framework encompassing individual behaviors and interpersonal dynamics as complementary has been advocated (Levinson, 2006), there is still disagreement and uncertainty about which processes and mechanisms are at play and how they interact, possibly due to the diversity of conceptual frameworks and methods employed (Brennan, Galati, & Kuhlen, 2010; Dale, Fusaroli, Duran, & Richardson, 2013; Krauss & Fussell, 1996).
In order to start tackling these issues, here we (a) identify two main approaches to interpersonal coordination in dialog represented in the literature — interactive alignment and interpersonal synergies; (b) develop a method to quantitatively and comparably investigate the two approaches against a control baseline of individual self-consistency; and (c) assess their ability to capture dialogical dynamics and coordinative efficacy in an experimentally elicited corpus of task-oriented conversations.
2. Interpersonal approaches to dialog
2.1. Interactive alignment
A growing literature characterizes human interaction in terms of reciprocal behavioral and physiological mimicry (Chartrand & Bargh, 1999; Dijksterhuis & Bargh, 2001): Many behaviors such as laughing, smiling, and shaking the head or nodding are more likely to occur if one’s interlocutor has just employed them (Louwerse, Dale, Bard, & Jeuniaux, 2012). Such behavior matching has been related to common ground, improved rapport, and better collaborative performance (Fusaroli & Tylffen, 2012; Marsh, Richardson, & Schmidt, 2009). Analogously, the interactive alignment approach investigates dialog as imitation-like coordination of linguistic behaviors. …
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References
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| Author | volume | Date Value | title | type | journal | titleUrl | doi | note | year | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 InterlocutorPersonalityPercepti | Ming-Hsiang Su Yu-Ting Zheng Chung-Hsien Wu | Interlocutor Personality Perception based on BFI Profiles and Coupled HMMs in a Dyadic Conversation | 2014 |