Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) Agent System

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A Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) Agent System is an Agent-Oriented Programming System that is centered on Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) Agents.



References

2019a

  • (Wikipedia, 2019) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belief–desire–intention_software_model Retrieved:2019-8-10.
    • The belief–desire–intention software model (BDI) is a software model developed for programming intelligent agents. Superficially characterized by the implementation of an agent's beliefs, desires and intentions, it actually uses these concepts to solve a particular problem in agent programming. In essence, it provides a mechanism for separating the activity of selecting a plan (from a plan library or an external planner application) from the execution of currently active plans. Consequently, BDI agents are able to balance the time spent on deliberating about plans (choosing what to do) and executing those plans (doing it). A third activity, creating the plans in the first place (planning), is not within the scope of the model, and is left to the system designer and programmer.

2019b

  • (Wikipedia, 2019) ⇒ https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Belief%E2%80%93desire%E2%80%93intention_software_model#/BDI_agents Retrieved:2019-8-10.
    • A BDI agent is a particular type of bounded rational software agent, imbued with particular mental attitudes, viz: Beliefs, Desires and Intentions (BDI) (...)

      This section defines the idealized architectural components of a BDI system.

      • Beliefs: Beliefs represent the informational state of the agent, in other words its beliefs about the world (including itself and other agents). Beliefs can also include inference rules, allowing forward chaining to lead to new beliefs. Using the term belief rather than knowledge recognizes that what an agent believes may not necessarily be true (and in fact may change in the future).
        • Beliefset: Beliefs are stored in a database (sometimes called a belief base or a belief set), although that is an implementation decision.
      • Desires: Desires represent the motivational state of the agent. They represent objectives or situations that the agent would like to accomplish or bring about. Examples of desires might be: find the best price, go to the party or become rich.
        • Goals: A goal is a desire that has been adopted for active pursuit by the agent. Usage of the term goals adds the further restriction that the set of active desires must be consistent. For example, one should not have concurrent goals to go to a party and to stay at home – even though they could both be desirable.
      • Intentions: Intentions represent the deliberative state of the agent – what the agent has chosen to do. Intentions are desires to which the agent has to some extent committed. In implemented systems, this means the agent has begun executing a plan.
        • Plans: Plans are sequences of actions (recipes or knowledge areas) that an agent can perform to achieve one or more of its intentions. Plans may include other plans: my plan to go for a drive may include a plan to find my car keys. This reflects that in Bratman's model, plans are initially only partially conceived, with details being filled in as they progress.
      • Events: These are triggers for reactive activity by the agent. An event may update beliefs, trigger plans or modify goals. Events may be generated externally and received by sensors or integrated systems. Additionally, events may be generated internally to trigger decoupled updates or plans of activity.
BDI was also extended with an obligations component, giving rise to the BOID agent architecture[1] to incorporate obligations, norms and commitments of agents that act within a social environment.

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  1. J. Broersen, M. Dastani, J. Hulstijn, Z. Huang, L. van der Torre The BOID architecture: conflicts between beliefs, obligations, intentions and desires Proceedings of the fifth International Conference on Autonomous agents Pages 9-16, ACM New York, NY, USA