Counter-Elite

A Counter-Elite is a [[]] that ...

Example(s):
- Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks: They opposed the ruling elite in Russia, leading to the Russian Revolution and the establishment of a new power structure.
- Fidel Castro: He led a revolution against the Batista regime in Cuba and subsequently established a communist state.
- Mao Zedong: He led the Communist Party of China in a revolution against the Kuomintang, resulting in the establishment of the People's Republic of China.
- Nelson Mandela and the African National Congress (ANC): They opposed apartheid and the ruling white elite in South Africa, eventually leading to a democratic transition.
- Che Guevara: A revolutionary figure who sought to spread socialist revolutions in Latin America and beyond, challenging established elites.
- Ayatollah Khomeini: He led the Islamic Revolution in Iran, replacing the monarchy with an Islamic republic.
- Political Counter-Elites, such as: ...
- Economic Counter-Elites, such as: ...
- Military Counter-Elites, such as: ...
- Religious Counter-Elites, such as: ...
- …
Counter-Example(s):
- an Elite, such as an Economic Elite, a Military Elite, or a Political Elite.
See: Policy, Co-Option, Philosophy, Political Science, Sociology, Economic, Corporation, Think Tank, Pluralism (Political Theory).

References

(Wikipedia, 2023) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elite_theory Retrieved:2023-8-6.
- … Even when entire groups are ostensibly completely excluded from the state's traditional networks of power (on the basis of arbitrary criteria such as nobility, race, gender, or religion), elite theory recognizes that "counter-elites" frequently develop within such excluded groups. Negotiations between such disenfranchised groups and the state can be analyzed as negotiations between elites and counter-elites. A major problem, in turn, is the ability of elites to co-opt counter-elites. ...

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/counterelite#Noun
- QUOTE: ... A dominant and influential group that opposes or is excluded from the mainstream elite or ruling group. ...