Intelligence Score

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An Intelligence Score is a system ability score of an intelligent system according to some intelligence measure while performing some intelligence task.



References

2017

  1. Article in Wikipedia: Intelligence: Knowns and Unknowns

2013

  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_intelligence_factor
    • The g factor (short for "general factor") is a construct developed in psychometric investigations of cognitive abilities. It is a variable that summarizes positive correlations among different cognitive tasks, reflecting the fact that an individual's performance at one type of cognitive task tends to be comparable to his or her performance at other kinds of cognitive tasks. The g factor typically accounts for 40 to 50 percent of the variance in IQ test performance, and IQ scores are frequently regarded as estimates of individuals' standing on the g factor.[1] The terms IQ, general intelligence, general cognitive ability, general mental ability, or simply intelligence are often used interchangeably to refer to the common core shared by cognitive tests.[2]

      The existence of the g factor was originally proposed by the English psychologist Charles Spearman in the early years of the 20th century. He observed that children's performance ratings across seemingly unrelated school subjects were positively correlated, and reasoned that these correlations reflected the influence of an underlying general mental ability that entered into performance on all kinds of mental tests. Spearman suggested that all mental performance could be conceptualized in terms of a single general ability factor, which he labeled g, and a large number of narrow task-specific ability factors. Today's factor models of intelligence typically represent cognitive abilities as a three-level hierarchy, where there are a large number of narrow factors at the bottom of the hierarchy, a handful of broad, more general factors at the intermediate level, and at the apex a single factor, referred to as the g factor, which represents the variance common to all cognitive tasks.

  1. Kamphaus et al. 2005
  2. Deary et al. 2010

2009

  • (WordNet, 2009) ⇒ http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=intelligent
    • S: (adj) intelligent (having the capacity for thought and reason especially to a high degree) "is there intelligent life in the universe?"; "an intelligent question"
    • S: (adj) intelligent, well-informed (possessing sound knowledge) "well-informed readers"
    • S: (adj) healthy, intelligent, levelheaded, level-headed, sound (exercising or showing good judgment) "healthy scepticism"; "a healthy fear of rattlesnakes"; "the healthy attitude of French laws"; "healthy relations between labor and management"; "an intelligent solution"; "a sound approach to the problem"; "sound advice"; "no sound explanation for his decision"
    • S: (adj) intelligent, reasoning, thinking (endowed with the capacity to reason)
  • (WordNet, 2009) ⇒ http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=intelligence
    • S: (n) intelligence (the ability to comprehend; to understand and profit from experience)
    • S: (n) intelligence, intelligence service, intelligence agency (a unit responsible for gathering and interpreting information about an enemy)
    • S: (n) intelligence, intelligence information (secret information about an enemy (or potential enemy)) "we sent out planes to gather intelligence on their radar coverage"
    • S: (n) news, intelligence, tidings, word (information about recent and important events) "they awaited news of the outcome"
    • S: (n) intelligence, intelligence activity, intelligence operation (the operation of gathering information about an enemy)

2005

  • (Johnson & Bourchard Jr., 2005) ⇒ Wendy Johnson, and Thomas J. Bouchard Jr. (2005). “The Structure of Human Intelligence: It is verbal, perceptual, and image rotation (VPR), not fluid and crystallized.” In: Intelligence, 33 393–416. doi:10.1016/j.intell.2004.12.002
    • In a heterogeneous sample of 436 adult individuals who completed 42 mental ability tests, we evaluated the relative statistical performance of three major psychometric models of human intelligence — the Cattell–Horn fluid-crystallized model, Vernon's verbal–perceptual model, and Carroll's three-strata model. The verbal–perceptual model fit significantly better than the other two. We improved it by adding memory and higher-order image rotation factors. The results provide evidence for a four-stratum model with a g factor and three third-stratum factors. The model is consistent with the idea of coordination of function across brain regions and with the known importance of brain laterality in intellectual performance. We argue that this model is theoretically superior to the fluid-crystallized model and highlight the importance of image rotation in human intellectual function.

1997

1996