Reasoning Agent System

A Reasoning Agent System is a computational automated agent system that can perform mechanical reasoning tasks through algorithmic processes.

• AKA: Reasoning Machine, Automated Reasoning System, Mechanical Reasoning System, Computational Reasoning Engine, Reasoning Computer System, Inference Machine.
• Context:
  • It can typically execute Formal Reasoning through logical calculus and proof procedures.
  • It can typically perform Automated Inference through inference engines and deduction algorithms.
  • It can typically implement Symbolic Reasoning through symbol manipulation and formal language processing.
  • It can typically maintain Knowledge Representations through ontologies and rule bases.
  • It can typically demonstrate Computational Reasoning through algorithmic execution and systematic processing.
  • ...
  • It can often apply Theorem Proving through proof search algorithms and verification procedures.
  • It can often perform Constraint Solving through satisfaction algorithms and optimization methods.
  • It can often execute Model Checking through state space exploration and property verification.
  • It can often implement Planning Algorithms through strategies and heuristic methods.
  • ...
  • It can range from being a Special-Purpose Reasoning Agent System to being a General-Purpose Reasoning Agent System, depending on its application scope.
  • It can range from being a Rule-Based Reasoning Agent System to being a Learning-Based Reasoning Agent System, depending on its reasoning approach.
  • It can range from being a Deterministic Reasoning Agent System to being a Probabilistic Reasoning Agent System, depending on its uncertainty handling.
  • It can range from being a Classical Reasoning Agent System to being a Non-Classical Reasoning Agent System, depending on its logic type.
  • ...
  • It can process Formal Specifications through parsers and compilers.
  • It can generate Proofs through inference rule application and derivation sequences.
  • It can handle Large Search Spaces through pruning techniques and optimization heuristics.
  • It can integrate with Software Systems through APIs and interface protocols.
  • It can scale Reasoning Capability through parallel processing and distributed architectures.
  • ...
• Example(s):
  • Classical Reasoning Agent Systems, such as:
    • Logic Theorist System (1956) proving mathematical theorems through heuristic search.
    • General Problem Solver System (1959) applying means-end analysis for problem-solving.
    • Prolog Engines executing logic programming through resolution algorithms.
    • LISP Machines performing symbolic computation and list processing.
  • Modern Reasoning Agent Systems, such as:
    • SAT Solver Systems determining boolean satisfiability through DPLL algorithms.
    • SMT Solver Systems handling satisfiability modulo theories for verification tasks.
    • Automated Theorem Prover Systems like Coq System and Isabelle System for formal verification.
    • Model Checker Systems verifying properties through state exploration.
  • AI-Based Reasoning Agent Systems, such as:
    • Expert System Shells implementing rule-based reasoning for domain-specific tasks.
    • Neural Theorem Prover Systems combining neural networks with symbolic reasoning.
    • LLM-based Reasoning Agent Systems performing natural language reasoning through transformer models.
    • Planning Systems like STRIPS System for automated planning tasks.
  • Specialized Reasoning Agent Systems, such as:
    • Chess Engine Systems applying game tree search and position evaluation.
    • Medical Diagnosis Systems using clinical reasoning algorithms.
    • Legal Reasoning Systems applying case-based reasoning and rule application.
  • ...
• Counter-Example(s):
  • Human Reasoning Entities, which use biological cognition rather than mechanical processes.
  • Intuitive Systems, which rely on pattern recognition without formal reasoning.
  • Random Generator Systems, which produce outputs without reasoning processes.
  • Database Systems, which store and retrieve data without inference capability.
  • Calculator Systems, which perform arithmetic without logical reasoning.
• See: Reasoning Agent Entity, Agent System, Automated Reasoning, Artificial Intelligence, Formal Logic, Theorem Proving, Expert System, Symbolic AI, Computational Logic, Inference Engine, Knowledge-Based System, Logic Programming.

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