Organization Entity

An Organization Entity is a human social system (with organization members) that has a common purpose).

• AKA: Institution.
• Context:
  • It can (typically) have Employees who perform various organization roles essential to achieving the organization goals.
  • It can (typically) have an Accounting Journal, e.g. checkbook, for recording financial transactions.
  • It can (typically) be a Hierarchical Social System with defined levels of organization authority and communication channels.
  • It can (typically) be in a LocationOf Relation with a location entity, e.g. through headquarter location.
  • It can (typically) have Organization Structures that define organization roles and reporting relationships within the organization.
    • Can range from hierarchical organizational structures with multiple management levels to flat organizational structures with fewer layers of management.
    • Can include elements such as departmentalization, command chain, control span, and authority centralization.
  • It can (often) have Organization Practices that include standard procedures, policies, and organization routines.
    • Can range from formal organizational practices, e.g. standard operating procedures and policies, to informal organizational practices, e.g. office customs and workplace norms.
    • Can include decision-making processes, communication protocols, performance review systems, and knowledge management practices.
    • Can evolve over time through organizational learning and adaptation to internal changes and external changes.
  • It can range from being an Informal Organization to being a Formal Organization, e.g. as a legal entity.
  • It can range from being a Named Organization to being an Unnamed Organization, if it has an organization name.
  • It can range from being a Mission-Driven Organization (where members are motivated by a shared mission) to being a Individualistic-Driven Organization (where members are primarily motivated by personal achievement).
  • It can range from being a Non-Economic Organization to being an Economic Organization, e.g. not-for-profit organization, for-profit organization.
  • It can perform Organizational Task, e.g. organizational decision.
  • It can be composed of Organizational Departments.
  • It can have Organizational Patterns, e.g. organizational cadence.
  • It can be associated to an Organization Performance Measure.
  • ...
• Examples:
  • Public Organizations, such as:
    • Government Organizations:
      • National Governments, e.g. U.S. Government, Chinese Government, Canadian Government.
      • Regional Governments, e.g. California Government, European Parliament.
      • Local Governments, e.g. City Councils, Municipal Authoritys.
    • International Organizations:
      • United Nations Organization.
      • Intergovernmental Organizations, e.g. UNICEF, WHO.
      • International Development Agencys.
  • Private Organizations, such as:
    • For-Profit Organizations:
      • Technology Corporations, e.g. Microsoft Inc., OpenAI, Google.
      • Manufacturing Corporations, e.g. Toyota, Boeing, Tesla.
      • Financial Service Providers, e.g. JPMorgan Chase, Goldman Sachs.
    • Non-Profit Organizations:
      • Humanitarian Organizations, e.g. Red Cross, Doctors Without Borders.
      • Funding Agencys, e.g. National Science Foundation, Gates Foundation.
      • Cultural Institutions, e.g. Metropolitan Museum, British Library.
  • Domain-Specific Organizations, such as:
    • Legal-Domain Organizations:
      • Law Firms, e.g. Baker McKenzie, Clifford Chance.
      • Legal Aid Organizations, e.g. Public Defender Offices.
      • Legal Professional Associations, e.g. Bar Associations.
    • Healthcare-Domain Organizations:
      • Hospital Systems, e.g. Mayo Clinic, Cleveland Clinic.
      • Medical Research Centers, e.g. NIH, Pasteur Institute.
      • Healthcare Provider Networks, e.g. Kaiser Permanente.
    • Education-Domain Organizations:
      • Universitys, e.g. Harvard University, MIT, Stanford.
      • Research Institutions, e.g. Max Planck Institutes.
      • Educational Consortiums, e.g. Ivy League.
  • Research Organizations, such as:
    • Scientific Research Organizations:
      • Research Consortiums, e.g. Uniprot Consortium, CERN.
      • Scientific Institutes, e.g. Los Alamos Laboratory.
      • Research Laboratory Networks, e.g. National Laboratory System.
    • Industry Research Organizations:
      • Corporate R&D Centers, e.g. Bell Labs, IBM Research.
      • Technology Research Institutes.
      • Innovation Centers.
  • Service Organizations, such as:
    • Professional Service Organizations:
      • Consulting Firms, e.g. McKinsey, BCG.
      • Accounting Firms, e.g. Deloitte, PwC.
      • IT Service Providers, e.g. Accenture, IBM.
    • Social Service Organizations:
      • Community Service Centers.
      • Youth Development Organizations.
      • Elder Care Facilitys.
  • Specialized Organizations, such as:
    • Technology-Focused Organizations:
      • AI Organizations, e.g. OpenAI, DeepMind, Anthropic.
      • Cybersecurity Organizations.
      • Digital Platform Organizations.
    • Cultural Organizations:
      • Museums, e.g. Louvre, Smithsonian.
      • Performing Arts Centers.
      • Heritage Foundations.
  • ...
• Counter-Examples:
  • Person, which is an individual entity rather than a collective entity.
  • School of Fish, which is a natural group rather than an organized human system.
  • Informal Group, which lacks formal structure and defined purpose.
  • Virtual Community, which may lack physical presence and legal status.
• See: Entity Type, Institution, Social System, Organizational Theory, Business Entity, Legal Entity.

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References

2021

• (Wikipedia, 2021) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/organization Retrieved:2021-8-30.
  • An organization, or organisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences), is an entity – such as a company, an institution, or an association – comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose.

    The word is derived from the Greek word organon, which means tool or instrument, musical instrument, and organ.

2015

• (Wikipedia, 2015) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/organization#Types Retrieved:2015-11-20.
  • There are a variety of legal types of organizations, including corporations, governments, non-governmental organizations, political organizations, international organizations, armed forces, charities, not-for-profit corporations, partnerships, cooperatives, and educational institutions.

    A hybrid organization is a body that operates in both the public sector and the private sector simultaneously, fulfilling public duties and developing commercial market activities.

    A voluntary association is an organization consisting of volunteers. Such organizations may be able to operate without legal formalities, depending on jurisdiction, including informal clubs.

    Organizations may also operate in secret and/or illegally in the case of secret societies, criminal organizations and resistance movements.

2010

• http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/organization#Noun
  • uncountable The quality of being organized.
    • This painting shows little organization at first glance, but little by little the structure becomes clear.
  • uncountable The way in which something is organized, such as a book or an article.
    • The organization of the book is as follows.
  • countable A group of people or other legal entities with an explicit purpose and written rules.
    • “In response to the crisis, the nations in the region formed an 'organization.
    • “If you want to be part of this 'organization, you have to follow its rules.
  • countable A group of people consciously cooperating.
    • Over time, the spontaneous movement had become an organization.

2009

• (WordNet, 2009) ⇒ http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=organization
  • S: (n) organization, organisation (a group of people who work together)
  • S: (n) arrangement, organization, organisation, system (an organized structure for arranging or classifying) "he changed the arrangement of the topics"; "the facts were familiar but it was in the organization of them that he was original"; "he tried to understand their system of classification"
  • S: (n) administration, governance, governing body, establishment, brass, organization, organisation (the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something) "he claims that the present administration is corrupt"; "the governance of an association is responsible to its members"; "he quickly became recognized as a member of the establishment"
  • S: (n) organization, organisation (the act of organizing a business or an activity related to a business) "he was brought in to supervise the organization of a new department"
  • S: (n) organization, organisation, system (an ordered manner; orderliness by virtue of being methodical and well organized) "his compulsive organization was not an endearing quality"; "we can't do it unless we establish some system around here"
  • S: (n) organization, organisation (the activity or result of distributing or disposing persons or things properly or methodically) "his organization of the work force was very efficient"
  • S: (n) constitution, establishment, formation, organization, organisation (the act of forming or establishing something) "the constitution of a PTA group last year"; "it was the establishment of his reputation"; "he still remembers the organization of the club"

1996

• (Choo, 1996) ⇒ Chun Wei Choo. (1996). “The Knowing Organization: How organizations use information to construct meaning, create knowledge and make decisions.” In: International Journal of Information Management, 16(5). doi:10.1016/0268-4012(96)00020-5

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