GM-RKB: Data Value

AKA: Data, Raw Data, Constant, Data Element.
Context:
- It can be the result of an Observation, from a Sensor.
- It can be:
  - retrieved by an Agent.
  - shared between Agents.
- It can be a Member of a Data Set, a Data Sequence, or a Data Record.
- It can be associated to a Data Type (e.g. Categorical Value, Ordinal Value, Numeric Value).
- It can be a Data Attribute Value (associated with a Data Attribute).
- It can be Electronic Data Value or Non-Electronic Data Value
- It can be an Undefined Data Value.
- It can be:
  - a Discrete Data Value, e.g. a Categorical Data Value or an Ordinal Data Value.
  - a Continuous Data Vale, e.g. a Numerical Data Value.
  - a Text Data Value.
Example(s):
- The instance that appears on this page of:
  - ♥, +, -, ♀, ♂, ♫, ﴾, ﯔ , €, ™, ©, ±, 1, a, 1, 9, Z, <, *, %, ^, &, ... a Symbol.
  - 1, 0, ∞, 1.1, π, -4.5, ... a Number.
  - a, A, â, ã, ä, Â, Ã, Ä, b, B, ... 0, 1, , an Alphanumeric Character.
  - +, -, <, *, ∏, ∑, ≠, ≡, ≈, ⌐ ... a Mathematical Operation Symbol.
  - 2008-Oct-09, a Date.
  - he, she, New York, Excel, ... a Lexical Word.
  - John Doe, John, he, they, an Entity Mention.
  - John Doe used his copy of Excel today. A Sentence.
  - the information for a Visual Pixel.
Counter-Example(s):
- an undercypherable handwritten Grapheme.
- a (3,b), a Data Tuple.
- A Document.
- A Sound.
See Ground Fact.

References

(Wikipedia, 2009) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data
- Raw data is a collection of numbers, characters, images or other outputs from devices to convert physical quantities into symbols, in a very broad sense. Such data is typically further processed by a human or input into a computer, stored and processed there, or transmitted (output) to another human or computer. Raw data is a relative term; data processing commonly occurs by stages, and the "processed data" from one stage may be considered the "raw data" of the next.
www.fws.gov/stand/standards/defterms.html
- Data Value: A single piece of information. Examples of data values are names, dates, or dollar amounts.
http://www.spinwardstars.com/frontier-tutorials/threads/page09terms.html
- A data value that is complete in and of itself, without reference to other data values. Numbers, strings, and ODB addresses are examples of atomic ...
DAMA08
- Data: Facts represented as text, numbers, graphics, images, sound or video. Data is the raw material used to create information.
The most elementary unit of data that can be identified and described in a dictionary or repository which cannot be subdivided.
The smallest piece of information considered meaningful and usable. A single logical data fact, the basic building block of a Logical Data Model. --DataGovernance.com
The implementation of an attribute in a physical data model. DAMA08